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热量从物体中温度较高的部分传递到较低的部分的过程称为热传导。在纯热传导的过程中,物体各部分之间不发生宏观尺度上的相对位移。热导率是材料的物理性能参数之一。它对于选择合适的结构材料,对于低温装置和航天器的热设计都是必不可少的。2.1 基本概念2.1.1 热导率在数值上,热导率等于单位温度梯度作用下,材料内部产生的热流密度。热导率常用λ
The process of transferring heat from the hotter part of the body to the lower part of the body is called heat conduction. In the process of pure heat conduction, the relative displacement of the various parts of the object does not occur on a macroscopic scale. Thermal conductivity is one of the material’s physical properties. It is essential for the selection of suitable structural materials for the thermal design of cryogenic installations and spacecraft. 2.1 Basic Concepts 2.1.1 Thermal Conductivity In numerical terms, the thermal conductivity is equal to the heat flux density generated inside the material under the unit temperature gradient. Thermal conductivity commonly used λ