光纤通信具有容量大、抗干扰能力强、可节省大量金属材料的突出优点。1966年由英国华裔科学家高昆提出利用光纤传递信号。1970年低损耗光纤问世，1976年英国在曼彻斯特附近的电气化铁道上首次铺设光纤通信线路。此后，光纤通信得以大规模应用，并作为信息高速公路的载体遍布全 Optical fiber communication has a large capacity, anti-interference ability, can save a lot of prominent advantages of metal materials. In 1966 by the British Chinese scientist Gao Kun proposed the use of optical fiber transmission signal. Low-loss optical fiber was introduced in 1970, and in 1976 Britain laid its first fiber-optic line on an electrified railway near Manchester. Since then, optical fiber communication has been applied on a large scale and has been used as a carrier of information superhighways