在食管癌的诊断中,细胞学与 X 线是两种最主要的客观检查方法,两者互相结合,对绝大多数的中、晚期食管癌可作出定性与定位诊断。然而早期食管癌由于癌变程度轻微、患者一般缺乏明显的吞咽困难或无自觉症状,故常规的食管透视方法往往被漏诊,既使细胞学检查已发现癌细胞,X 线粘膜造 In the diagnosis of esophageal cancer, cytology and X-ray are the two most important methods for objective examination. The two are combined with each other, and the majority of advanced esophageal cancer can be diagnosed qualitatively and positioned. However, early esophageal cancer due to a slight degree of cancer, the patient generally lack of obvious dysphagia or no symptoms, so the conventional esophageal fluoroscopy method is often missed, even if cytology has found that cancer cells, X-ray mucosa made