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城市职住空间是城市地理学研究的核心话题。以北京、上海、广州力代表的特大城市基于整个城市的居民出行特征已经被广泛探讨,但基于城市局部微观尺度的职住空间特征鲜见,西部城市的案例实证也往往为学术界所忽略。本文从微观视角的城市核心功能区出发,以重庆核心功能区渝中区力案例,根据2011年12月期间对重庆市渝中区居民出行的4000份问卷调查数据分析了渝中区居民通勤活动的基本特征及其影响因素,并探讨街道尺度的居民职住匹配状况及其未来的发展趋势。研究表明:渝中区居民平均通勤距离5.62km,平均通勤时间34.84min,存在与中国钙大城市类似的职住空间分布格局特征,但城市的交通拥堵状况优于北上广;工作地在渝中区的居民通堇力时间和距离均小于居住地在渝中区的居民通勤时间和距离。论文提出影响居民通勤时间的重要因素是通勤方式的选择,而影响居民通勤距离的重要因素是地形、交通条件及功能布局;核心功能区内部空间层面,居民职住空间匹配空间差异与城市功能布局密切相关,通过空间错位指数(SMI)模型,发现部分街道居民职住空间匹配空间差异较明显,大规模的城南更新和改造带来的城市功能布局的调整导致新的职住空间不匹配现象。最后,论文提出根据目前城市开发建设的趋势,核心功能区的职住分离现象将会进一步加剧。
Urban work space is the core topic of urban geography research. The metropolitan cities represented by Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou have been extensively studied based on the characteristics of residents’ travel in the whole city. However, based on the microscopic scale of cities, the characteristics of occupations and residences are rare, and the empirical cases in western cities are often ignored by academics. Based on the case study of Yuzhong District in the core functional area of Chongqing, this paper analyzes the basic characteristics of commuting activities of residents in Yuzhong District based on 4000 questionnaire survey data of residents in Yuzhong District in December 2011 during the period from December 2011 to December 2011. And its influencing factors, as well as to investigate the status quo of resident’s job matching and its future development trend on the street scale. The research shows that the average commuting distance and resident commuting time in Yuzhong District are 5.62km and 34.84min, respectively. There is a similar distribution pattern of occupational and residential space in cities with large calcium in China, but the traffic congestion in the urban areas is better than that in the north. The work area is in Yuzhong District Residents Tongyin force time and distance are less than the residence of residents in Yuzhong commute time and distance. The main factors that influence the commuting time of residents are the choice of commuting methods, and the important factors affecting commuting distance are the terrain, traffic conditions and functional layout. The inner spatial layer of the core functional area, the spatial and spatial distribution of residents’ It is found that there are obvious differences in the matching space between occupations and occupations of some street residents through the model of spatial dislocation index (SMI). The adjustment of urban functional layout brought about by the large-scale urban renewal and reconstruction leads to the new mismatch of occupational space. Finally, the paper proposes that according to the trend of urban development and construction at present, the separation of the functions and occupations in the core functional areas will be further aggravated.