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政策背景1995年,国家经贸委、国家教委、劳动部、财政部、卫生部联合下发《关于若干城市分离企业办社会职能分流富余人员的意见》。《意见》要求,逐步将企业所办学校、医院等公益型机构、后勤服务等福利型机构与企业的生产经营主体相分离,使企业集中力量搞好改革和发展。1999年9月22日,中国共产党第十五届中央委员会第四次全体会议通过《中共中央关于国有企业改革和发展若干重大问题的决定》,《决定》要求,位于城市的企业要逐步把所办学校、医院和其他社会服务机构移交地方政府统筹管理,有些可以转为企业化经营,要切实减轻国有企业的社会负担。1999年11月初,国有企业分离办社会职能工作会议在福建举行,国家经贸委有关负责人在会上发表重要讲话。11月3日,《加快国企分离办社会职能步伐》一文在《人民日报》显著位置刊出。2002年4月26日,国家经贸委、教育部、劳动保障部、财政部、卫生部、建设部联合下发《关于进一步推进国有企业分离办社会职能工作的意见》,《意见》要求,认真总结试点经验,不失时机地加快推进分离企业办社会职能工作。
Policy Background In 1995, the State Economic and Trade Commission, the State Education Commission, the Ministry of Labor, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Health jointly issued the Opinions on Separating the Surplus from Social Functions by Some Separated Enterprises in Cities. The Opinions require that the welfare-type organizations such as schools and hospitals run by the enterprises be gradually separated from the main bodies of production and operation of the enterprises so that the enterprises can concentrate their efforts on reform and development. On September 22, 1999, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 15th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China passed the Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Several Important Issues Concerning the Reform and Development of State-owned Enterprises. The Decision requires that enterprises located in cities gradually The transfer of schools, hospitals and other social service agencies to the local government for overall management, some of which can be turned into enterprise management, should effectively reduce the social burden of state-owned enterprises. In early November 1999, a meeting on separation of social functions of state-owned enterprises was held in Fujian. Relevant persons in charge of the State Economic and Trade Committee made an important speech at the meeting. On November 3, the article entitled “Speeding up the Social Function of State-owned Enterprises in Separation Operations” was promulgated prominently in People’s Daily. On April 26, 2002, the State Economic and Trade Commission, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Labor and Social Security, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Construction jointly issued the “Opinions on Further Promoting the Social Functions of State-owned Enterprises in Separating Offices” and the “Opinions” Summarize the pilot experience, seize the opportunity to accelerate the separation of social enterprises do business.