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目的探寻支气管哮喘的心理社会因素,探索有效治疗支气管哮喘的心理干预方法。方法本研究将129例支气管哮喘患者随机分为干预组和对照组,均给予药物治疗,干预组同时接受心理干预,采用症状自评量表和社会支持量表评估心理干预前后两组患者的治疗效果。结果心理干预前,支气管哮喘患者的症状自评量表各因子分值高于常模,社会支持量表分值显著低于常模;心理干预后,患者症状自评量表的躯体化、强迫状态、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、偏执的因子分值显著降低(P<0.05),而社会支持量表分值显著高于治疗前(P<0.05)。结论在药物治疗的基础上,心理干预能明显改善支气管哮喘患者的心理指标,促进支气管哮喘的康复和治疗。
Objective To explore the psychosocial factors of bronchial asthma and explore the effective psychological intervention for bronchial asthma. Methods 129 patients with bronchial asthma were randomly divided into intervention group and control group. All patients were given drug treatment. The intervention group received psychological intervention at the same time. The self-rating scale and social support scale were used to evaluate the treatment of both groups before and after psychological intervention effect. Results Before psychological intervention, the score of each factor in the symptom checklist of bronchial asthma patients was higher than that of norm, and the score of social support scale was significantly lower than that of norm. After psychological intervention, the self-rating symptom scale of patients was somatization and forced The scores of factors such as state, interpersonal relationship, depression, anxiety, horror and paranoid decreased significantly (P <0.05), but the score of social support scale was significantly higher than that before treatment (P <0.05). Conclusion On the basis of drug treatment, psychological intervention can significantly improve the psychological indicators of patients with bronchial asthma and promote the rehabilitation and treatment of bronchial asthma.