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2004年,我国高等教育的毛入学率达到19％,上海和北京2003年的高等教育毛入学率分别达到53％和52％。按照美国学者马丁·特罗提出的高等教育大众化理论,我国不但在总体上达到了高等教育大众化,而且个别地区已经达到了高等教育普及化的阶段。在中国高等教育由精英化向大众化转型的过程中,高职院校在学校数、招生数、在校生数和毕业生数等方面稳定增长,在高等教育中的比重越来越大,发挥了主力军的作用。从1998年到2004年,高职院校在校生数由117．41万人增加到595．65万人,增长了5．07倍,占普通高校在校生数
In 2004, gross enrollment in China’s higher education reached 19%, while gross enrollment in higher education in Shanghai and Beijing in 2003 reached 53% and 52% respectively. According to the theory of popularization of higher education proposed by American scholar Martin Trow, not only has China generally achieved the popularization of higher education, but also some regions have reached the stage of universal popularization of higher education. During the transition from elitism to popularization of higher education in China, higher vocational colleges have been steadily growing in number of schools, number of students enrolled, number of students enrolled and number of graduates, and their proportion in higher education has been growing The role of the main force. From 1998 to 2004, the number of students in higher vocational colleges increased from 1,174,100 to 5,955,500, an increase of 5.07 times, accounting for the number of students in ordinary colleges and universities