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本文介绍一种用DEAE—纤维素纸片测定血液中性激素结合球蛋白的方法。此法操作简便、2小时可分析20～30个样品,且需血量少,适合于临床分析。此法分析37例样品表明,男性的性激素结合蛋白水平略高于女性,在男性中,青春前期高于成年人和新生婴儿;在女性,除妊娠期明显高外,幼年、成年和老年无明显差异。在体内,性激素大部分以血浆蛋白结合的形式存在,此种结合状态的激素不表现生物活性,有活性的只是占总量1～3%游离状态的那部分分子。在人血浆中,有多种蛋白具有结合性激素的能力,其中如白蛋白、α-酸性糖蛋白,它们在血浆中的浓度虽然高,但与各种甾体物质和性激素的结合缺乏专一性,结合亲和力也微弱,结合平衡常数在10~4—10~5(M_(-1))之间。另有一种β-球蛋白,与性激素(包括雌激素和雄激素)的亲和力很高,与非性激素类的甾体物质的亲和力则很小,所以这种β-球蛋白与性激素的结合是专一性的,它被称为性激素结合球蛋白(Sex HermoneBinding Globulin,以下简称SHBG)。SHBG 在血液中的浓度虽然远低于白蛋白,但与性激素的亲和力强,结合平衡常数在10~9(M_(-1))水平,对血浆中性激素的浓度起主要的缓冲和调节作用。根据内分泌临床报道,在内分泌紊乱的患者中,有一部分属于激素含量不正常;但有一部分患者激素含量正常,紊乱是由于SHBG 含量异常引起的。因此在临床上必须鉴别上述两类患者,这就要求在测定性激素含量的同时,也测定SHBG 的水平。关于SHBG 的测定,有多种方法可以采用,本实验室曾作过简要的综述。本文介绍Mickelson DE-AE-纤维素纸片测定法。此方法用血量少,操作简便而又快速,适宜于临床分析使用。
This article describes a DEAE-cellulose paper determination of blood hormone binding globulin method. This method is simple, 2 hours to analyze 20 to 30 samples, and less blood, suitable for clinical analysis. This method analysis of 37 samples showed that sex hormone binding protein levels in men slightly higher than women, in men, pre-adolescents than adults and newborns; in women, except for gestational age was significantly higher, juvenile, adulthood and elderly no significant difference. In the body, most of the sex hormones exist in the form of plasma protein binding. The hormones in this state of conjugation do not show biological activity, and only those molecules that are free from the total amount of 1 to 3% are active. There are many proteins in human plasma that have the ability to bind to sex hormones, such as albumin and alpha-glycoprotein, which are high in plasma but lack specificity for various steroid substances and sex hormones , Binding affinity is also weak, binding equilibrium constant in 10 ~ 4-10 ~ 5 (M _ (- 1)) between. Another β-globulin, and sex hormones (including estrogen and androgen) high affinity, and non-sex hormone steroid substance affinity is very small, so this β-globulin and sex hormone binding is a specific Sexuality, it is called sex hormone binding globulin (Sex HermoneBinding Globulin, hereinafter referred to as SHBG). Although the concentration of SHBG in blood is much lower than that of albumin, its affinity with sex hormones is strong, and its binding constant is between 10 and 9 (M _ (-1)), which plays a major role in buffering and regulating plasma concentrations of sex hormones. According to endocrine clinical reports, in patients with endocrine disorders, some of them belong to the hormone content is not normal; but some patients with normal hormone levels, disorders due to abnormal SHBG content. Therefore, in the clinical identification of these two types of patients, which requires the determination of sex hormone levels, but also determine the level of SHBG. A number of methods are available for the determination of SHBG, as briefly reviewed by our laboratory. This article describes the Mickelson DE-AE-cellulose paper assay. This method with less blood, easy to operate and fast, suitable for clinical analysis.