论文部分内容阅读
一、测量了成对桡骨246侧,尺骨224侧,包括两骨的长度、中点矢状径、横径和周径。观察了滋养孔的数目、位置、大小和方向。桡骨滋养孔呈单孔的占92.68％。在纵向上多数集中在桡骨上、中1/3交界附近,指数平均为35.03;在横向上通常位于桡骨体前面(占64.84％)或前缘,部分滋养孔位于骨间嵴或桡骨后面。两侧桡骨滋养孔在纵向和横向上都对称的出现率为35.77％。滋养孔的口径中等,方向均通向近端。尺骨滋养孔具单孔的占89.29％。在纵向上多数集中在尺骨上、中1/3交界略偏下方的邻近区域内,指数平均为37.98;在横向上通常位于尺骨体前面(占88.84％)或前缘,位于骨间嵴或后面者极少。两侧尺骨滋养孔在纵向和横向上都对称的有40.18％。滋养孔口径中等,但较桡骨者稍大,方向均通向近端。二、解剖桡、尺骨滋养动脉各100侧,测量了滋养动脉的长度、口径、起始高度,观察了它们的起点和行程。桡骨滋养动脉起自骨间掌侧动脉的最多(占71.84％),其次起自骨间总动脉、尺动脉、桡动脉及正中动脉。桡骨滋养动脉的长度平均1.80厘米,起始段外径0.84毫米,由起点至肘关节线的距离为8.58厘米。尺骨滋养动脉起自骨间掌侧动脉的占38％、尺动脉的占25％、尺侧返动脉的占28％,其余起自骨间总动脉和骨间背侧动脉。尺骨滋养动脉的平均长度2.24厘米,起始段外径0.87毫米,由起点至肘关节线的距离为6.76厘米。桡、尺骨滋养孔在横向上的位置,与滋养动脉的起点显示一定关系,发自骨间掌侧动脉的滋养动脉,多进入桡、尺骨前面、骨间嵴及其附近的滋养孔,起自其它动脉者多进入桡、尺骨前面和前缘的滋养孔。在事先经动脉注入造影剂的骨标本X线照片上,观察了桡、尺骨滋养动脉在骨内的分布,以及骨膜的血液供应。
First, the pair of radial 246, ulna 224 were measured, including the length of the two bones, the midpoint sagittal, transverse and circumferential diameters. Observe the number of nourish holes, location, size and direction. Radial nourish hole was single hole accounted for 92.68%. In the longitudinal direction, most of them are located on the radius and middle 1/3 of the junction, with an average index of 35.03. In the transverse direction, they are usually located in front of the radial body (64.84%) or the leading edge. Some of the nourishing holes are located behind the intercristal crest or the radius. The radial nostrils on both sides of the vertical and horizontal symmetry was 35.77%. Nourishing hole diameter medium, the direction of the proximal end. Olfactory hole with a hole accounted for 89.29%. In the longitudinal direction, the majority of them are located on the ulna. The average index is 37.98 in the adjacent area slightly below the middle 1/3 of the junction. In the lateral direction, it is usually located in front of the ulna body (88.84%) or the leading edge, Very few. Outriggers on both sides of the ulna in both longitudinal and transverse symmetry 40.18%. Nourishing hole diameter medium, but slightly larger than the radius, the direction leads to the proximal end. Second, the radial, ulnar nourish the artery of 100 sides, measuring the length of the nourishing artery, caliber, starting height, observed their starting point and travel. Radial nauplii originated from the medial palmar artery (71.84%), followed by the interosseous artery, ulnar artery, radial artery and median artery. Radial nauplii artery length of an average of 1.80 cm, the initial diameter of 0.84 mm, starting from the elbow line distance of 8.58 cm. The ulnar nauplii originated from the medullary palmar artery (38%), the ulnar artery (25%) and the ulnar vertebral artery (28%), and the rest from the interosseous artery and interosseous dorsal artery. The average length of the ulnar nourishing artery was 2.24 cm, with an initial diameter of 0.87 mm and a distance of 6.76 cm from the starting point to the elbow line. Radius, ulnar nostrils in the horizontal position, and nourish the starting point of the artery shows a certain relationship, nourished artery from the palmar artery of the interosseous, and more into the radial, ulnar in front of the interosseous ridges and nourishing holes in the vicinity, from Other arteries and more into the radial, ulnar front and front of the nourishing hole. Radiofrequency, the distribution of the ulnar nodal artery in the bone, and the blood supply to the periosteum were observed on a radiograph of a bone specimen previously injected with contrast agent through an artery.