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目的建立兔颅顶部皮肤软组织扩张模型,研究皮肤组织学相应变化及其扩张和回缩的物理特征,验证扩张模型的扩张效果,为皮肤软组织扩张术基础性研究提供稳定的动物模型。方法将20只体质量约3kg的新西兰白兔分为A、B两组,每组10只;于每只A组兔颅顶部各置人1枚80ml容量皮肤软组织扩张器,术后扩张器内每日注射1次生理盐水行皮肤扩张,至扩张器内部压强达到30.00 mmHg,共注射20 d;B组为对照组,仅置入相同扩张器,但未行扩张。测量并计算皮肤扩张效率及回缩率,采集两组动物扩张中心区域皮肤样本行HE染色,并在镜下观察皮肤结构变化。结果 A组扩张区域扩张明显,扩张效率为(239.66±41.92)%,回缩率为(31.63±3.62)%;HE染色见A组扩张区域较B组扩张区域表皮层明显增厚。结论兔颅顶部行皮肤软组织扩张可获得较好的皮肤扩张研究模型。
OBJECTIVE: To establish a model of dermal soft tissue dilation at the top of rabbit skull, to study the corresponding changes of dermal histology and its physical characteristics of dilatation and retraction, to verify the dilatation effect of dilatation model and to provide a stable animal model for the basic research of dermal soft tissue dilatation. Methods Twenty New Zealand white rabbits with body weight of about 3 kg were divided into two groups A and B, with 10 rabbits in each group. One 80 ml volume skin and soft tissue dilator was set on the top of each rabbit in group A, The rats were instilled with normal saline once a day for dermal expansion until the internal pressure of the dilator reached 30.00 mmHg for a total of 20 days. In group B, the same dilator was used but not dilated. The skin expansion efficiency and the retraction rate were measured and calculated. The skin samples of the two groups were collected to HE staining, and the changes of the skin structure were observed under the microscope. Results The expansion of group A was more obvious than that of group B, the expansion efficiency was (239.66 ± 41.92)% and the recovery rate was (31.63 ± 3.62)%. Conclusions The dermal soft tissue dilation at the top of rabbit skull achieves a good model of skin dilatation.