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迄今为止,人们对于驱动轮下松散土壤的运动特性仍不是十分清楚的。而这是建立更严密的理论分析方法和探索更为合适的行走机构的必要前提之一。本文采用高速摄影方法,考察了在不同条件下驱动轮与松散土壤相互作用的全过程,得到了较为完整的轮下土壤的实际运动特性和位移轨迹。通过实验发现,大花纹的越野轮胎和光滑轮胎均不宜在松散土壤上使用;降低气压,亦即使轮胎产生较大的变形,可以明显减小车轮在运动过程中的推土作用。由此可以认为,对于松散砂土,传统的圆形车轮不一定是最理想的形状。此外,还首次测出了轮下土壤在车辆振动过程中的动力学特性并给出了在试验条件下,轮下土壤振动的幅值和频率范围。
So far, people are still not very clear about the movement characteristics of the loose soil under the driving wheels. This is one of the necessary preconditions for establishing a more rigorous theoretical analysis and for exploring a more suitable traveling agency. In this paper, the whole process of the interaction between driving wheel and loose soil under different conditions was investigated by using high-speed photography method. The actual movement characteristics and displacement trajectory of the soil beneath the wheel were obtained. Through experiments, it is found that the large-size off-road tires and smooth tires are not suitable for use on loose soil. Reducing the air pressure can significantly reduce the wheel pushing effect of wheels during the movement, even if the tire has a large deformation. It can be considered that, for loose sand, the traditional round of the wheel is not necessarily the best shape. In addition, the dynamic characteristics of the soil under the wheels during the vehicle’s vibration are measured for the first time and the amplitude and frequency range of the soil vibration under the wheels under the test conditions are given.