目的　通过内镜普查了解食管癌高发区人群食管及贲门癌和其他各级病变的分布情况。方法 :河北省肿瘤研究所于 2 0 0 1年 12月 - 2 0 0 2年 5月在河北省磁县进行了碘染色内镜普查 ,普查结果采用SPSS10 0处理。结果 :食管癌高发区人群中 ,轻、中、重度食管炎的组织学检出率分别是 34 9%、1 6 %、0 2 % ,基底细胞增生、轻、中、重度不典型增生的组织学检出率分别是 0 9%、8 6 %、7 8%、2 6 % ,原位癌、黏膜内癌、浸润性鳞癌的组织学检出率分别是 2 5 %、0 2 %、0 7% ;贲门黏膜非萎缩性胃炎、萎缩性胃炎的组织学检出率分别是 36 3%、11 5 % ,轻、重度不典型增生的组织学检出率分别是2 5 %、0 8% ,黏膜内腺癌、浸润性腺癌的组织学检出率分别是 0 1%、0 8% ;内镜普查食管癌的早期发现率为 79 4 % ,普查率达 73 8%。结论 :本次普查为食管及贲门早期癌的治疗及癌前病变的阻断治疗提供了组织学诊断 ,为今后提高食管癌、贲门癌的治愈率 ,降低食管癌、贲门癌的发病率及死亡率打下了基础 Objective To understand the distribution of esophageal and cardiac cancer and other pathological changes in esophageal cancer-endemic areas through endoscopy. Methods: Hebei Institute of Oncology in December 2001 - May 2002 in Cixian, Hebei Province, iodine staining endoscopy, census results using SPSS10 0 treatment. Results: The histological detection rates of mild, moderate and severe esophagitis were 34.9%, 16% and 0.2% respectively in the population with high incidence of esophageal cancer, with basal cell hyperplasia, mild, moderate and severe atypical hyperplasia The detection rates were 0 9%, 86%, 78%, 26% respectively. The histological detection rates of carcinoma in situ, mucosal carcinoma and invasive squamous cell carcinoma were 25%, 0.2% 0 7%. The histological detection rates of non-atrophic gastritis and atrophic gastritis in gastric cardia were 36 3% and 115% respectively. The histological detection rates of mild and severe dysplasia were 25% and 0 8 %. The histological detection rates of mucosal adenocarcinoma and invasive adenocarcinoma were 0 1% and 0 8% respectively. The early detection rate of esophageal cancer was 79 4% and the census rate was 73 8%. Conclusion: This census provides a histological diagnosis for the treatment of esophageal and cardial precancerous lesions and for the preclinical lesion treatment, which will improve the cure rate of esophageal and cardia cancers and reduce the incidence and mortality of esophageal and cardia cancers in the future Rate laid the foundation