从物质激励的角度来看，国有企业与外资企业、合资企业及个体企业比，处于劣势地位。我们说处于劣势主要是指在同一领域、同一个行业、同一规模的不同性质的企业之间进行比较，国有企业的经营管理者无论是实行了年薪制、股权制或股权期权制，其收入都比其他企业要低一大截。就 From the perspective of material incentives, the ratio of state-owned enterprises to foreign-funded enterprises, joint ventures and self-employed enterprises is at a disadvantage. We say that at a disadvantage, we mean mainly comparing enterprises in the same field, one industry, and enterprises of different sizes on the same scale. Whether the state-owned enterprise managers implement the annual salary system, shareholding system or share option system, their income A lot lower than other companies. on