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按照我国海商法和国际提单公约的规定,承运人或其代理人签发的提单具有物权凭证的职能,并可以作为议付的凭证。在《跟单信用证统一惯例》国际商会第500号出版物中明确了提单、发票、保险单等有关装运单证里银行处理的必须的单证。对于国际货运代理,如果本人是承运人或受承运人委托签发的提单,同样具有物权凭证作用。如果“提单”签发人不是承运人,在法律上仅仅被认为是收到托运人货物而出具的货物收据。因此对于这种提单,法律上不承认它是物权凭证,也不能作为议付的凭证。
In accordance with the provisions of China’s maritime law and international bills of lading convention, the bill of lading issued by the carrier or its agent has the function of a voucher of property rights and can serve as a voucher for negotiation. In the “Uniform Customs and Credits for Documentary Credits”, ICC Publication No. 500 specifies the necessary documents to be handled by the bank in the relevant bills of lading, invoices, insurance policies and other documents. For international freight forwarders, if I am the carrier or by the carrier entrusted to issue a bill of lading, also have the effect of documentary evidence. If the “B / L” issuer is not the carrier, it is legally only a receipt of the goods issued in receipt of the shipper’s goods. So for this bill of lading, the law does not recognize it as a document of title, nor as a proof of negotiation.