滇川藏毗邻地区自称纳西、纳、纳罕、纳日的族群是同源异流的族群。在汉文古籍中,他们被记载为麽些、摩梭、摩挲等;在新中国的民族识别中,被识别为纳西、蒙古等族。近年来,其自我认同发生了很大改变而日趋多元化,产生了族称上的国家建构、区域建构和自我建构等现象。从中可以看出,族群称谓与认同和基于历史文化因素的“原生情感”以及情境变迁、工具理性等诸多因素密切相关。本文的目的并非要对这些已经被识别为某个民族的现状进行纠正,而是想提示对同源异流的族群进行比较研究的重要学术意义。 The adjacent areas in Yunnan and Sichuan claim that the ethnic groups of Naxi, Naha, Nakhon and Nari are families of the same origin. In Chinese ancient books, they were recorded as Mosuo, Mosuo, etc .; in the New China’s national identity, was identified as Naxi, Mongolia and other ethnic groups. In recent years, its self-identity has undergone great changes and become increasingly diversified, resulting in such phenomena as national construction, regional construction and self-construction on ethnic groups. It can be seen that ethnic titles and identities are closely related to “native emotions ” based on historical and cultural factors as well as factors such as situational changes and instrumental rationality. The purpose of this article is not to correct these situations that have been identified as a nation but to suggest important academic implications for comparative studies of people of the same origin.