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自本世纪80年代以来,由于人口的急剧膨胀,经济的飞速发展,人类正面临着人口、资源、环境和发展四大问题(即PRED问题)。在这个PRED矛盾统一体中,人口因子起着决定性的作用。地球具有一定的环境容量和一定的人口承载能力,作为自然—社会—经济这个巨型生态系统的主体,人类活动及其增长一旦超过某一限度,势必导致系统各组分比例关系的失调及系统结构和功能的破坏。因此,大力控制人口增长,保持适度的人口规模,尤其是在中国,将是一个重要而又持久的策略。
Since the 1980s, due to the rapid population expansion and the rapid economic development, human beings are facing four major problems of population, resources, environment and development (namely, PRED). In this PRED paradox, population factors play a decisive role. As the main body of a giant natural ecosystem-society-economy, human activities and their growth once they exceed a certain limit will inevitably lead to the imbalance of the proportional relationship among the components of the system and the system structure And functional damage. Therefore, vigorously controlling population growth and maintaining a moderate population size, especially in China, will be an important and enduring strategy.