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目的观察脉冲电磁场(pulsed electromagnetic fields,PEMF)对废用性骨质疏松(disuse osteoporosis,DOP)大鼠骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)和血清转化生长因子β1(transforming growth factor-beta1,TGF-β1)的影响,探讨可能的发生机制。方法健康4月龄雌性SD大鼠80只,按体质量随机区组法分成4组:正常对照组(INT组)、单纯模型组(DOP组)、降钙素组(CT组)、脉冲电磁场组(PEMF组)。INT组大鼠喂养DOP大鼠饲料消耗量的平均水平,后3组均通过改良的局部制动法建立DOP大鼠模型;CT组和PEMF组术后即分别给予降钙素(2IU/kg,腹腔注射,1次/d)及PEMF预防性治疗,各组分别于建模后1、2、4、8周时处死5只大鼠,进行骨密度、骨组织学和血清TGF-β1浓度等指标检测。结果建模后2周时,DOP组大鼠制动侧股骨近端骨密度较INT组明显降低(P<0.01),从建模后4周起,CT组和PEMF组骨密度均明显高于DOP组(P<0.05),8周时PEMF组骨密度较CT组明显增高(P<0.05);DOP组大鼠血清TGF-β1浓度在建模后1周时明显高于INT组(P<0.01),而后逐渐下降至正常水平以下;8周时PEMF组TGF-β1浓度明显高于CT组、DOP组(P<0.01)。结论PEMF及降钙素对废用性骨质疏松均有治疗作用,且PEMF在后期较降钙素效果更明显;TGF-β1浓度在废用性骨质疏松骨重建过程中呈双相变化,PEMF可能通过促进TGF-β1分泌而影响骨重建过程。
Objective To observe the effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) on bone mineral density (BMD) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF- β1), to explore the possible mechanism. Methods Eighty healthy 4-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal control group (INT group), simple model group (DOP group), calcitonin group (CT group), pulsed electromagnetic field Group (PEMF group). The rats in the INT group were fed with the average dietary consumption of DOP rats. The rats in the latter three groups were given DOP rat model by modified local braking method. The CT and PEMF groups were given calcitonin (2IU / kg, Intraperitoneal injection, once a day, and PEMF prophylaxis. Five rats in each group were sacrificed at 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after the operation, and bone mineral density, bone histology and serum TGF-β1 concentration Indicator detection. Results At 2 weeks after modeling, the BMD of the proximal femur in DOP group was significantly lower than that in INT group (P <0.01). After 4 weeks, the bone mineral density in CT group and PEMF group were significantly higher than that in INT group DOP group (P <0.05). At 8 weeks, the bone mineral density in PEMF group was significantly higher than that in CT group (P <0.05). The concentration of TGF-β1 in DOP group was significantly higher than that in INT group at 1 week after modeling (P < 0.01), and then gradually decreased below the normal level. At 8 weeks, the concentration of TGF-β1 in PEMF group was significantly higher than that in CT group and DOP group (P <0.01). Conclusions Both PEMF and calcitonin have the therapeutic effect on the treatment of disuse osteoporosis, and the effect of PEMF is more obvious at the later stage than that of calcitonin. The TGF-β1 concentration has a biphasic change during the bone remodeling of disuse osteoporosis, PEMF may affect the process of bone remodeling by promoting TGF-β1 secretion.