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转化生长因子α(TGFα)是一种多肽类生长因子,在胚胎和正常成体某些组织中有所表达,而在转化细胞和肿瘤细胞中则表达异常。人TGFα前体是由160个氨基酸组成的一种跨膜蛋白。由于转译后蛋白水解加工和糖基化修饰的程度不同,其分子量表现为非均一性。50个氨基酸的TGFα是加工后的成熟肽,在结构上与表皮生长因子(EGF)同源、能与EGF受体结合。TGFα可诱导细胞转化、形成肿瘤,其作用机理与某些原癌基因激活相关。人工合成的TGFα类似物和某些生物调节剂对TGFα有拮抗作用,可抑制肿瘤的生长。
Transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα) is a polypeptide growth factor that is expressed in some tissues of embryonic and normal adult but abnormally expressed in transformed and tumor cells. Human TGFα precursor is a transmembrane protein consisting of 160 amino acids. Due to the different degrees of proteolytic processing and glycosylation after translation, the molecular weight is characterized by heterogeneity. The 50 amino acid TGFα is a processed mature peptide that is structurally homologous to epidermal growth factor (EGF) and binds to the EGF receptor. TGFα can induce cell transformation, the formation of tumors, and its mechanism of action associated with the activation of certain protooncogenes. Synthetic TGFα analogs and certain biological modulators antagonize TGFα and inhibit tumor growth.