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目的研究北京市区11～18岁在校学生血压和血压偏高情况及其影响因素。方法采用分层不等概率二阶整群抽样方法,对抽取的北京市区2382名11～18岁学生采用常规方法进行血压、身高、体重及血糖的测定,并分析这些指标之间的相互关系。结果男女学生的血压水平随着年龄、体重增长而升高,其中男生的血压高于女生;男生血压偏高率为9.6%,女生为11.08%;血压偏高者的体重、身高、收缩压、舒张压和BMI值均高于血压正常者,而血糖值略有下降;超重学生的收缩压、舒张压均明显高于体重正常学生(P<0.001)。相关分析显示,收缩压与体重、身高、BMI值、舒张压水平呈正相关(P<0.01),与血糖亦呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论北京市区在校学生的血压水平随着性别、年龄、体重、身高而改变;血压偏高率为10.41%,提示对青少年血压偏高的问题不容忽视。
Objective To study the prevalence and influencing factors of high blood pressure and blood pressure among school-age children aged 11-18 years in Beijing. Methods The stratified unequal probability second order cluster sampling method was used to measure the blood pressure, height, weight and blood glucose of 2382 students aged 11-18 in Beijing. The correlations among these indexes were analyzed . Results The blood pressure of male and female students increased with age and weight gain. Among them, the male blood pressure was higher than that of the female students. The male blood pressure was 9.6% and the female was 11.08%. The body mass, height, systolic blood pressure, Diastolic blood pressure and BMI were higher than those with normal blood pressure, while the blood sugar level decreased slightly. Overweight students had significantly higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure than those with normal weight (P <0.001). Correlation analysis showed that systolic blood pressure was positively correlated with body weight, height, BMI and diastolic blood pressure (P <0.01), and positively correlated with blood glucose (P <0.05). Conclusions The blood pressure level of school-aged students in Beijing varies with gender, age, weight and height. The high rate of hypertension is 10.41%, suggesting that the problem of high blood pressure in adolescents should not be overlooked.