我认为,苏联社会作为一种在本质上是新的社会形态,具有许多同资本主义和社会主义都不相同的基本特征值得加以思考和研究。我的出发点是资本主义,因为资本主义产生了我们今天所熟悉的全部社会科学。资本主义的经济基础具有三个决定性的特点:(1) 生产资料的私人资本家所有制;(2) 社会总资本分散在许多竞争着的或有可能竞争的单位里;(3) 大部 I think that Soviet society, as a kind of social form that is essentially new, has many basic characteristics that are different from those of capitalism and socialism worth thinking and studying. My starting point is capitalism, because capitalism produces all the social sciences we are familiar with today. The economic foundation of capitalism has three decisive characteristics: (1) private capitalist ownership of the means of production; (2) the total social capital is dispersed among many competing or potentially competitive units; (3) most