Algeria like many of its Middle Eastern and North African(MENA) counterparts,rely heavily on the industry of fossil fuels,such as gas and petroleum.This big reliance of Algerian economy on hydrocarbon exports revenue makes it very vulnerable to external shocks.So since the late 1990s different measures had been adopted to help promote the diversification of exports,but so far the adoption of these measures,has mixed results and has failed to boost foreign trade out of Hydrocarbons exports in a significant way.But unlike Algeria,China has been the most successful developing country in this modern era of globalization.It was one of the poorest countries in the world in 1980s,and since initiating economic reform after 1978 its GDP has expanded at a steady rate over 10% and it`s foreign trade is considered as one of the most important in the world.Given these facts the purpose of this paper is to analyze,why Algeria struggles to develop and diversify its exports out of Hydrocarbons.And what are the engines of the impressive growth of china’s foreign trade,if any;lessons can Algeria take from china’s foreign trade experience. Algeria like many of its Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) counterparts, rely heavily on the industry of fossil fuels, such as gas and petroleum. This big reliance of Algerian economy on hydrocarbon exports revenue makes it very vulnerable to external shocks .So® the late 1990s different measures had been adopted to help promote the diversification of exports, but so far the adoption of these measures, has mixed results and has failed to boost foreign trade out of Hydrocarbons exports in a significant way. But unlike Algeria, China has been the most successful developing country in this modern era of globalization. It was one of the poorest countries in the world in 1980s, and since initiating economic reform after 1978 its GDP has expanded at a steady rate over 10% and it`s foreign trade is considered as one of the most important in the world.Given these facts the purpose of this paper is to analyze, why Algeria struggles to develop and diversify its exports out of Hydrocarbons.And wha t are the engines of the impressive growth of china’s foreign trade, if any; lessons can Algeria take from china’s foreign trade experience.