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目的为弄清Ｐ５３、ｃ－ｍｙｃ基因和细胞增殖活性与肝细胞癌（ＨＣＣ）发生发展的关系。方法应用免疫组化方法检测了３０例肝细胞癌（ＨＣＣ）组织中Ｐ５３、ｃ－ｍｙｃ基因蛋白产物以及增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）的表达。结果Ｐ５３，ｃ－ｍｙｃ基因表达率分别为４６．７％和５６７％。ｐ５３在Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级肝癌组织的表达率有递增趋势；而ｃ－ｎｌｙＣ基因在三级间的表达率却无明显区别。ｐ５３与ｃ－ｍｙｃ基因的同时表达率为２３３％。ＰＣＮＡ阳性细胞的分布在ＨＣＣ中呈四种类型：散在型、边缘型、镶嵌型和弥漫型。ＰＣＮＡ标记指数与ＨＣＣ的分级相关。ｐ５３阳性的ＨＣＣ中ＰＣＮＡＬＩ为５３．８±２４．３，阴性的为３３．１±１５．７（Ｐ＜０．０５）；ｃ－ｍｐｃ基因表达阳性与阴性的ＰＣＮＡＬＩ分别为３８、７±２２．９、４２．８±２１．６（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论ｐ５３、ｃ－ｍｙｃ基因均与ＨＣＣ的发生、发展有关，但两者之间无依存关系；伴有ｐ５３基因突变的ＨＣＣ中癌细胞增生活跃，恶性程度高。
Objective To understand the relationship between P53, c-myc gene and cell proliferation activity and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of P53 and c-myc gene protein products and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in 30 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Results The expression rates of P53 and c-myc genes were 46.7% and 567%, respectively. The expression rate of p53 in I, II, and III hepatocellular carcinoma tissues increased. However, there was no significant difference in the expression rate of c-nlyC genes among the three grades. The simultaneous expression rate of p53 and c-myc gene was 233%. The distribution of PCNA-positive cells in the HCC was of four types: scattered, marginal, mosaic and diffuse. The PCNA labeling index is related to the grade of HCC. PCNALI in the p53-positive HCC was 53.8±24.3 and negative was 33.1±15.7 (P<0.05); PCNALI with positive and negative c-mpc gene expression was 38 and 7±22, respectively. .9, 42.8±21.6 (P>0.05). Conclusions Both p53 and c-myc genes are related to the occurrence and development of HCC, but there is no relationship between them. The HCC with p53 gene mutation has an active hyperplasia of cancer cells with a high degree of malignancy.