经皮肾镜取石术(Percutaneous nephrolithotomy,PCNL)近年来逐渐成为大多数肾结石治疗的首选方法。随着该项技术的普及,越来越多的并发症被临床医生所认识。在PCNL的并发症中,全身炎症反应综合征(systemic inflammatory response syndrome,SIRS)尤为受到医生们的关注。SIRS是因感染或非感染病因作用于机体而引起的机体失控的自我持续放大和自我破坏的全身性炎症反应。在PCNL手术中,即使术前预防性使用抗菌药物,术中严格执行无菌操作,术后仍不能完全杜绝急性SIRS发生,甚至有的患者进一步发展至感染性 Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has gradually become the preferred method for the treatment of most kidney stones in recent years. With the popularization of this technology, more and more complications are recognized by clinicians. Among PCNL complications, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is of particular concern to physicians. SIRS is a systemic inflammatory response to self-sustaining magnification and self-destruction of the uncontrollable body caused by an infectious or non-infectious cause on the body. In PCNL surgery, even preoperative prophylactic use of antimicrobial drugs, intraoperative strict implementation of aseptic surgery, postoperative can not completely eliminate the occurrence of acute SIRS, and even some patients further developed to infectivity