论文部分内容阅读
一、引言“罗森塔尔”效应是美国心理学家罗森塔尔和雅可布森提出来的。他们在一所小学里对一至六年级18个班的学生进行了一次“发展测验”。测验结束后,他们给每个班级的教师发了一份学生名单,并告诉教师测验结果显示这20%的学生是班上最有优异发展可能的学生,同时反复嘱咐教师们不能将名单外传。教师们发现名单里有些学生确实成绩优异,而有的学生则不然,甚至有部分学生成绩很差。两个心理学家这样解除了教师的疑惑:“请大家注意,我们讲的是
I. INTRODUCTION The Rosenthal effect came from the American psychologists Rosenthal and Jacobson. In a primary school, they conducted a ”Developmental Test“ for students in 18 classes of grades one through six. After the test, they sent a list of students to each class of teachers and told teachers that the test results showed that 20% of the students were the students with the best possible development in the class, and repeatedly asked teachers not to ruminate on the list. Teachers found that some of the students in the list did indeed perform well, while others did not, and some of them even did poor grades. The two psychologists thus relieved the teacher’s doubts: ”Please note that we are talking about