利用电子光学仪器(扫描电镜、透射电镜、电子探针和Auger能谱仪)对钢中白点的晶体取向和元素偏析进行了综合研究。结果表明:白点断口以晶内的准解理和沿晶的波状撕裂条纹的混合断裂形态为特征;白点断裂面的晶体学取向主要是沿铁素体{112}晶面的准解理断裂,显徽空隙内枝晶表面为{111}自由面;白点断口上有P和Cr,Mo,Mn的正偏析,其中以P最为明显。 The crystal orientation and elemental segregation of white point in steel were comprehensively studied by means of electronic optical instruments (scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, electron probe and Auger spectrometer). The results show that the white point fracture is characterized by the mixed fracture morphology of quasi-cleavage in the crystal and wavy tearing streak along the crystal. The crystallographic orientation of the white point fracture surface is mainly along the quasi-solution of {112} crystal plane of ferrite The reason is that the surface of the dendrites in the interstice is {111} free surface; the positive segregation of P, Cr, Mo and Mn on the white point fracture is the most obvious.