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目的：了解人类附睾精子经历冷冻保存后的精子功能变化。方法：应用精子功能检测方法。结果：１１ 例先天性双侧输精管缺如患者附睾精子标本冷冻保存后，每例冷冻标本均见活动精子，但精子活动率显著降低，精子活动能力减弱。精子膜完整率显著下降，头膜损伤－ 尾膜完整的精子率（ Ⅲ型精子） 显著升高，精子体外存活时间显著缩短。精子顶体蛋白酶活性降低。去透明带地鼠卵穿透试验检验精子体外授精能力失败的标本，采用显微注射技术可使精子辅助授精。结论：（１） 冷冻保存对附睾精子功能有显著的影响，造成精子功能减弱；（２） 冷冻精子仅用单一尾膜肿胀试验筛选，有可能拾取到的是尾膜完整，但头膜损伤的精子；（３） 建立显微授精技术可有效地对冷冻附睾精子辅助受精。
Objective: To understand the changes of sperm function of human epididymal sperm after cryopreservation. Methods: Sperm function test method was applied. Results: Eleven cases of congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens in patients with epididymal sperm samples were cryopreserved, the frozen sperm samples were seen in each case, but sperm motility was significantly reduced sperm motility abatement. Sperm membrane integrity rate decreased significantly, the damage of the head membrane - the integrity of the tail membrane sperm rate (type Ⅲ sperm) was significantly increased, sperm survival time was significantly shorter. Sperm acrosin activity decreased. To the zona pellucida egg penetrating test test sperm failure in vitro fertilization specimens, the use of microinjection technology can sperm assisted insemination. Conclusion: (1) Cryopreservation has a significant effect on epididymal sperm function, resulting in weakened sperm function; (2) frozen sperm only single tail membrane swelling test screening, it is possible to pick up the tail membrane is complete, but the damage of the head membrane Sperm; (3) the establishment of micro-insemination technology can be effective on frozen sperm epididymal fertilization.