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卵巢囊肿是妇科常见多发病,是妇女肿瘤疾病高发器官,几乎卵巢所有组织如生殖上皮细胞、卵巢膜细胞卵子及卵巢中的纤维组织、血管组织、血管组织等均可能发生肿瘤。从形状上看,80%为囊瘤,其系多为实质性瘤。多数卵巢囊肿没有分泌功能,少数具有分泌功能,可分泌雌激素、雄性激素,甚至分泌甲状腺素等,称之为功能性卵巢肿瘤。约25%卵巢肿瘤是恶性。卵巢肿瘤其大小可有数公分至数十公分不等。浆液性囊性瘤和假浆液性囊性瘤可长到很大成为巨大卵巢囊肿。卵巢囊肿可发生在单侧或双侧。实质性卵巢肿和转移性癌多为双侧性。卵巢囊肿的主要症状是小腹坠胀不适或小腹疼痛,除功能性卵巢癌外,多数不会引起月经失调。主要体征为下腹部可触包块或小腹疼痛或盆腔包块与宫颈不直接连续,B超检查可确诊。
Ovarian cyst is a common gynecological frequently-occurring disease, is a high incidence of cancer in women’s organs, almost all ovarian tissues such as reproductive epithelial cells, ovarian cells and ovarian ovum in the fibrous tissue, vascular tissue, vascular tissue may occur tumors. From the shape point of view, 80% cystic tumor, the Department of mostly solid tumors. Most ovarian cysts do not have secretory function, a small number of secretions, can secrete estrogen, androgen, and even the secretion of thyroxine, called functional ovarian tumors. About 25% of ovarian tumors are malignant. Ovarian tumors can range in size from a few centimeters to tens of centimeters. Serous cystadenomas and pseudostatocystic tumors can grow to large ovarian cysts. Ovarian cysts can occur on either or both sides. Substantial ovarian and metastatic cancers are mostly bilateral. Ovarian cysts are the main symptoms of abdominal distension or lower abdominal pain, in addition to functional ovarian cancer, the majority will not cause menstrual disorders. The main signs for the lower abdomen can touch the pelvis or abdominal pain or pelvic mass and the cervix is not directly continuous, B-ultrasound can be diagnosed.