膨润土的广泛定义为主要由蒙脱石类矿物组成的岩石,不考虑成因和产地。与蒙脱石经常伴生的粘土矿物有伊利石、高岭石、埃洛石、绿泥石、水铝英石以及一些间层粘土矿物。伴生的非粘土矿物有石英、长石、沸石、石膏、方解石、黄铁矿、氧化铁矿物以及岩屑等。膨润土还常有钾、钠、钙、镁的盐类矿物。膨润土(Bentonnite)一词源于1898年美国怀俄明州一粘土产地名。中国出现的译名有斑脱岩、搬土、皂土、膨土岩等名称。膨润土是人类利用最早的矿产之一,古代主要用于制陶。近代工业有十 Bentonite is broadly defined as a rock composed mainly of montmorillonite minerals, regardless of genesis and origin. Clay minerals often associated with montmorillonite are illite, kaolinite, halloysite, chlorite, allophane minerals, and some intercalated clay minerals. Associated non-clay minerals are quartz, feldspar, zeolite, gypsum, calcite, pyrite, iron oxide minerals and cuttings. Bentonite is also often potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium salt minerals. The term bentonite (Bentonnite) originated in 1898 as a clay origin in Wyoming. The Chinese translation of a spot rock, soil, bentonite, bentonite and other names. Bentonite is one of the earliest human use of minerals, mainly used for ancient pottery. Modern industry has ten