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Abstract：Since the middle of the 20th century，with the rise of feminism，the wave of "rediscovering" outstanding female writers in history has been raised，and female writers have once again aroused the keen attention of scholars and critics.Women writers in the 18th century tend to pay more attention to love and marriage，family life，living space and living conditions than male writers，and women writers take up their pens for a difficult writing career.They write in a reproach of sarcasm.They had the courage to raise their pens and fight against the patriarchal society by writing to expose and criticize the inequalities of the time，to strive for the right to political participation and to pursue economic independence.The voice of improving the right to family status and marriage，actively advocating gender equality between men and women and the equal right of men and women to education.The productive writing practice of the 18th century British female writers，It not only laid a foundation for the maturation and prosperity of women undefined novels after the 19th century，but also promoted the struggle of women undefined rights and interests of their time.
Key word：18th century；England；female writers；Women’s rights movement
1 introduction
In recent years，more and more foreign scholars have studied British women writers in the 18th century.They have published a lot of books and papers.They have analyzed and studied the writing background，living conditions，the value of their works and the influence of their works.At that time，these women writers took up the pens in their hands for a difficult writing career，and they endured the reproach of criticism and ridicule，and they had the courage to raise their pens to fight against the male-dominated society in court.Through writing，they expose and criticize the inequalities of the time，strive for the right to political participation，pursue economic independence，equal gender status and equal right to education.Through their works，they express their desire for women undefined education and participation in politics.Economic independence and other rights.Through my own research，the author tries to uncover the reality of the fates of the female writers of the 18th century in Britain，put aside sexism and moral prejudice，and study the British female writers from various angles.Not only women writers，but also the situation of other women in that era.It is hoped that the rise of female writers in the 18th century in England，the development of self-consciousness of female writers，and the status and struggle of women reflected in the works of female writers can be further explored.In order to help people understand more about the contribution of women to the family and society. 2 The main Representative of Women Writers in the 18th Century
After Bain in the 17th century，several female writers were involved in politics，religion，or occasionally writing articles，but generally speaking，female reading and writing were rare.Bain undefined writing quickly had a female readership，which prompted other eager women to take up their pens and in the 18th century a group of "blue socks" writers，including Sarah Fielding，Francis Sheridan，Charlotte Smith，Charlotte Lennox and so on，besides the author group of Blue socks，there are also famous Francis Bernie and Mary Wastoncrat and so on.
2.1 “blue socks” women writers group
Blue socks is a group of female writers who appeared in England in the 1950s and 1960s.Most of them are middle-class and upper-class rich and educated women.They take part in cultural salon actively and start writing，translating，publishing and so on.There was an interesting source of the name "blue sock".Once Mrs.Fauci invited Benjamin Stilling Fritt to her party，and Benjamin said she didnundefinedt have a proper suit for the party.Mrs.Fauci asked him to wear blue socks on his feet to the ball.In 18th century England，the nickname "blue socks" quickly became synonymous with literary women if a gentleman should wear black stockings on his feet at formal occasions.The main representatives are Elizabeth Montague，Sarah Fielding，Francis Sheridan，Charlotte Smith，Charlotte Lennox and so on.They often invite social sages like Samuel Johnson and David Garek to their events.The emergence of Blue socks Girls marks the beginning of British women undefined dual roles as producers and consumers of emerging reading markets.In her letter to Ms.Literature，Ikeworth wrote： "the number of female writers engaged in literature has increased significantly in recent years than in the past few years，and they have become a class.Completely attracted the public attention，thus gaining their own honor and value.Stuart Curran，a British Romantic literature researcher，believes that the emergence of the "Blue socks female Writers" group shows that with the increasing wealth of society，The thinking about social etiquette and human values has extended to some women."
2.2 Frances Burney
Frances Burneyn （1752） was born into a wealthy family whose father was a music historian，along with cultural celebrities such as Garrick，Dr.Johnson，Edmund Burke，The painter Joshua Reynolds and some famous literati have very close contact，the family culture atmosphere is thick.She loved to keep diaries and create little stories from an early age，immersing herself in her literary writing world，publishing Evelina at the age of 26，and quickly becoming a very popular bestseller.It is described as one of the most successful works of women before Jane Austen.After its publication in 1778，the book became a sensation throughout London and was popular with female readers.It is made up of several letters that the protagonists have exchanged for more than eight months，most of which are written by Evelyn Na to the village priest，Mr.Vilas，describing little things and feelings that have taken place in life.This form of epistolary can make readers feel the real emotion of the protagonist directly，and it is more authentic and readable，and it has touched countless readers.With its rigorous structure and lively and interesting language，the book tactfully expresses the plight of women in patriarchal society.The heroine，Evelina，is a Cinderella figure.The aristocratic father refused to admit her，so she was orphaned by a country priest，Vilas，and raised in the countryside.At the age of 17，she went to London to visit her friends.Evelina，who was shy and timid in her first visit to metropolitan London，was often lost in large places and often made a fool of herself in public，even if she did not know the norms of social etiquette and，if she did not know the rules of social etiquette，was still a man of her duty.A good girl who holds her virginity to a typical woman will end up married to an aristocratic young man of both virtue and ability and lead a happy and happy life. 2.3 Mary Wolstoncrat
Mary Wastonklatt （1759—1797），born of an ordinary citizen family，was in good shape when she was a child，but her father became addicted to speculation and paid off all her possessions.As a result，the whole family gradually fell into financial difficulties，Wastoncroft undefined teenage years were spent in misery，so Mary took on the family responsibility，strong，independent work to support their own lives.She had been a governess for any given year and was determined to become a career woman when the economy became difficult.In fact，at that time，this choice was still very bold，and it required courage，because at that time women had a low social status，women were considered to be virtuous，and very few women were able to live on a full-time writing career.Supporting herself and her family in 1787，she said in a letter to her sister，Everera，that she wanted to be "the first woman to be a new woman." Soon after，she came to London and，with the help of Joseph Johnson，an enlightened bookseller，settled in a place and earned a steady income from writing.During this time she learned French and German and translated some famous works.Among them are Jacques Necker undefined the importance of religious views and Christian Zarzman undefined moral qualities.She has written some reviews and novels for Johnson undefined magazine Analytical Review.She has also written original stories about real life，opinions on her daughter undefined education，and novels，Mary，Maria，etc.The works which show his radical thoughts are "Feminist Defense"，"defending Human Rights"，and especially "Feminist Defense" are regarded as classics by feminists.
3 Progressive thought and influence of Women Writers in the 18th Century
In the 18th century，women undefined writers were in an era of low status of women，who，like other women，were subjected to gender discrimination，who were still financially bound，and who remained subordinate to their husbands in the family and marriage.Although women undefined access to education has improved，the right to education is also unequal compared to men，and these women writers feel that women are being treated unfairly and thus take advantage of the freedom and equality of enlightenment ideas.The concept of fraternity calls for women undefined economic independence and the advancement of family status and equality between men and women.These progressive ideas are embodied in the demand for economic independence，the pursuit of family status and freedom of marriage，the elimination of gender discrimination and the enjoyment of equal rights to education. 3.1 Demands for economic independence
Women in the 18th century were initially under patriarchal authority，and later by their husbands.Many movements were restricted.They had no right to deal with the money they earned.The husband thought she was supported and responsible to her，but once the woman left her husband，The husband may refuse to pay these debts.This means that，in the event of an unhappy marriage，a woman undefined life is miserable if she has no source of livelihood.There are many more single women who have lost their jobs and sources of life，and they have to accept the gifts of their brothers，but they all think that giving them is a burden and a burden.For example，Sarah Fielding for some time depended on receiving financial support from her brother Henry Fielding.In the late 18th century，women undefined writing was slowly accepted by society，and they were eager to achieve economic independence through their own hands.Many women have gone from amateur pastime to professional female writers.
It turns out that female writers quickly show amazing talent and thus gain the acceptance of male culture system and many novel readers.When we open the works of women novelists in the 18th century，we can see the struggle between emotion and reason，the torment of desire and responsibility，the independent choice between men and women，and the struggle between ethics and the pursuit of love.The British woman，from an uncertain and ambiguous influence to a candidate，a wage earner，a responsible citizen，has turned her life and her art into impersonalization.
3.2 The pursuit of family status and freedom of marriage
In the 1700s，social norms upheld the authority of men，women had lower status in the family，and husbands were the ones who had power over their wives.Many British marriages are based on customary law and are deeply influenced by religion.Although the church monopolized the right to marriage in the late 12th century，in fact，marriage was not legalized until the passing of the Hadwick Act in 1753.Many women get out of the family barrier and enter the society to work as secretaries，nurses，teachers，etc.，but their wages are low and they are excluded from the public sphere，so they are still at the bottom of social life.British women are less selective in marriage，and most follow their parents undefined orders.Many parents worry that their lack of experience，ignorance and willfulness prevent them from finding men with good financial standing.In the upper class，even parents can only accept or reject the decision，and rejection will mean no dowry.Economy，family system，social value，religious belief，culture and social status are important factors to measure marriage.Women are restricted in their contact with men.They are not allowed to live in the same room as strangers and cannot go out to prom.In the process of dealing with divorce，women are mostly subordinate to passive and constrained status. In the long patriarchal society，women were imprisoned in the family，they did not fight for the rights of the society，their resistance was only carried out within the family.Mary Wastoncroft had argued that women should not be forced to limit themselves to household chores，and that in Maria there was a strong focus on social issues，such as hospitals and poverty relief.The implementation of the poverty relief law and the status of women undefined property.She was more vocal in her challenge to traditional female morality and marriage laws，where Maria protested that "women are the property of men like horses and donkeys." She was also dissatisfied with Charlotte Smith undefined portrayal of teenage tenderness and fantasies，which could easily lead women readers astray.She is particularly critical of writers who focus on describing human sensory stimuli.
3.3 The fight for gender equality and the right to education
In the 18 th century，it was generally believed that excellent works of thought came from virtuous men.Male writing can contain intimate depictions of men and women，and if a woman also writes obscene content，it will be regarded as an evil woman.Women undefined works are usually related to family，love，and if the heroine is the embodiment of goodness and virtue，then one would think of the author himself as a model.Female writers are thought to have innate affinity for virtue and influence men with moral power.Quite a number of female writers，by describing the love adventures of the angelic heroine，create a social vacuum of personal existence to free themselves from the shackles and speak freely of fear and anger，passion and hope.Francis Bernie proclaims egalitarianism and radical individualism by borrowing characters from the book.In another of her works，Eleanor argues with men to express the revolutionary idea of equal rights.She said，"it was because I was baptized by revolutionary ideas that I thought of myself as a person with an independent personality，that I was also a social person with equal rights，and that I would no longer easily mislisten to other people undefined views or opinions.No longer subject to the prejudices of others，these are the beginning of human privilege.
Although many women have been educated，But there undefined still a big difference compared to men undefined right to education.In the 1782 novel Cecilia，Cecilia，Cecilia talks to Juliet，and she says，"Men oppress women through laws and institutions.Make women irrelevant，men dare not let women receive the same education rights，enjoy the same opportunities to stand out."in the 18th century，there was an upsurge in the study of women undefined education in British society，" he said.The commentary by Daniel Defoe，the rover magazine by Samuel Johnson in 1750，and the Tytler magazine by Richard Steele discuss women undefined right to education and what kind of education they should receive.How long should we be educated？ Mary Wastoncroft believes that men are superior because they are trained and trained，and that women undefined education focuses only on the cultivation of body beauty and neglects the training of intelligence，the most perfect education.Is the best planning，the most able to exercise the body and train the mind of the exercise. 3.4 The influence of female Writers
Women in the 18th century were not satisfied with the novel only limited to the family，including the world，emotional and moral happiness，the endless dramatic life of mankind will be presented to us in the 18th century English literature，the description of England is a new attempt.This paper discusses the urban life，the judicial system，the marriage custom，the status of women and the aspects of dress and daily life in England.It also shows some refraction of the people in real life.We can feel the emotional distortion of the people behind the novel during the primitive accumulation period，but also feel the inequality of class and the appeal of equality.When different levels of culture coexist and share together，the society gradually forms a new cultural integration，which makes this culture maintain a lasting vitality.So that people can look for the evolution of the female image of English literature from the mirror，so as to re-examine the development process of British women undefined culture from another angle.The fruitful writing practices of the 18th century British female writers not only laid the foundation for the maturity and prosperity of women undefined novels after the 19th century，but also served as several important forms in the field of novel creation in Europe and the United States，such as epistolary novels.The development of science fiction and Gothic novels has made an important contribution.Ann Radcliffe undefined Gothic novel，the Mystery of Udorf，is largely influenced by 18th-century Gothic novels.It also provided rich cultural soil for the literary creation activities of the Jane Austen Bronte sisters.In the humanities，it is because of some big and small realistic concern，or literature thought burst out，just urge people to carry on the valuable thinking ceaselessly.
The works of 18th century women writers can make us feel the distortion between "man" and property and consumption in the dual background of primitive accumulation and commercialism." The relationship between people acquires the nature of things，and thus obtains a kind of "phantom objectification".The publication of works such as "Evelina"，"Don Quixote"，"simple"，"feminism" and so on，are increasingly favored by female readers，female consumers，Women writers have stepped out of the stage of history.In the face of unreasonable order，women writers take up the weapons of equality，freedom，the right to personal dignity and the right to gender equality.The whirlwind of women writers in the 18th century not only affects people undefined thinking style and mental state，but also plays a role model for other women.Many documents have shown that feminism prevailed in the 18th century in England，and that their demands were relatively cautious，with no clear goals and directions，and without large-scale political marches or other campaigns for women undefined rights.But to some extent，their progress was enormous，and women played an irreplaceable role in womenundefineds rights in the 18th century，when most of the participants and organizers were women.Through the works of these women writers and other efforts，the living status and living conditions of women in the 18 th century have been improved to a certain extent. 4 conclusion
By the 18th century，after more than 100 years of political，economic，cultural development，emerging citizens，businessmen，business owners and other middle class，literature from comedy，fables，legends，satirical stories quickly emerged after absorbing nutrients，In the 18th century，two types of historical novels and creative novels advanced along parallel lines，away from fantasy mythology，and had more strict standards for narrative novels.After Aphra Bain in the 17 th century，many professional female writers appeared in English female writers.Heywood is one of the most famous female writers，and the female writers of Blue socks include Francis Sheridan，Sarah Fielding，Charlotte Smith，Charlotte Lennox，Then came the radical Francis Bernie and Mary Wastonklatt undefined Feminist Advocacy in 1792.These women writers actively strive for the right to political participation，pursue economic independence，voice the right to improve family status and marriage，and actively advocate gender equality between men and women.Believing that men and women should enjoy equal rights to education.The time in which Britain lived in the late eighteenth century was a progressive era，One male critic commented on a collection of poems written by women and said，"Iundefinedve never seen so many valuable reforms in such a short time." Never before have so many prejudices against themselves been abolished."the fruitful writing practices of 18th-century British women writers not only laid the foundation for the maturity and prosperity of women undefined novels after the 19th century，Through the works of these female writers and the advanced ideas expressed in their works，other women of the same time were influenced by equality，freedom and independence，and they also made positive changes to improve their own environment.In the humanities，it is because of the concern of reality，large and small，or literary thoughts，The whirlwind of women writers in the 18th century not only affects people undefined thinking style and mental state，but also plays a role model for other women.
Reference
[1]Bygrave and Stephen.Romantic Writings[M].London：New York：Routledge in association with the Open University，1996.
[2]Margaret Anne Doodym.“Introduction，”Charlotte Lennox，The Female Quixote，or The Adventures of Arabellat Arabella[M].Oxford： University Press，1989.
[3]Harnis.Popular Culture in England，c.1500—1850[M].London：1995.
[4]Sarah Prescott and David E.Shuttleton，ed.Women and Poetry，1660—1750[M].chapter，2003（12）.
[5]Karen O’Brien.“History and the Novel in Eighteenth Century Britain ”，Huntington Library Quarterly[J].Vol.68，No.1-2 （March 2005）.
[6]Marry Wollstongecraft.“Review of Charlotte Smith”s Novel Emmeline”，Analytical Review[J].No.1（July 1788）.
[7]Charles Fantazzi.The Education of a Christian women：A Sixteen Century Manual[M].Chicago&London：The University of Chicago Press，2000.ersity Press，2005，p.94.
作者簡介
李彬（1989—），女，汉族，北京人，在职研究生，单位：中国人民大学；研究方向：英语语言文学。
Key word：18th century；England；female writers；Women’s rights movement
1 introduction
In recent years，more and more foreign scholars have studied British women writers in the 18th century.They have published a lot of books and papers.They have analyzed and studied the writing background，living conditions，the value of their works and the influence of their works.At that time，these women writers took up the pens in their hands for a difficult writing career，and they endured the reproach of criticism and ridicule，and they had the courage to raise their pens to fight against the male-dominated society in court.Through writing，they expose and criticize the inequalities of the time，strive for the right to political participation，pursue economic independence，equal gender status and equal right to education.Through their works，they express their desire for women undefined education and participation in politics.Economic independence and other rights.Through my own research，the author tries to uncover the reality of the fates of the female writers of the 18th century in Britain，put aside sexism and moral prejudice，and study the British female writers from various angles.Not only women writers，but also the situation of other women in that era.It is hoped that the rise of female writers in the 18th century in England，the development of self-consciousness of female writers，and the status and struggle of women reflected in the works of female writers can be further explored.In order to help people understand more about the contribution of women to the family and society. 2 The main Representative of Women Writers in the 18th Century
After Bain in the 17th century，several female writers were involved in politics，religion，or occasionally writing articles，but generally speaking，female reading and writing were rare.Bain undefined writing quickly had a female readership，which prompted other eager women to take up their pens and in the 18th century a group of "blue socks" writers，including Sarah Fielding，Francis Sheridan，Charlotte Smith，Charlotte Lennox and so on，besides the author group of Blue socks，there are also famous Francis Bernie and Mary Wastoncrat and so on.
2.1 “blue socks” women writers group
Blue socks is a group of female writers who appeared in England in the 1950s and 1960s.Most of them are middle-class and upper-class rich and educated women.They take part in cultural salon actively and start writing，translating，publishing and so on.There was an interesting source of the name "blue sock".Once Mrs.Fauci invited Benjamin Stilling Fritt to her party，and Benjamin said she didnundefinedt have a proper suit for the party.Mrs.Fauci asked him to wear blue socks on his feet to the ball.In 18th century England，the nickname "blue socks" quickly became synonymous with literary women if a gentleman should wear black stockings on his feet at formal occasions.The main representatives are Elizabeth Montague，Sarah Fielding，Francis Sheridan，Charlotte Smith，Charlotte Lennox and so on.They often invite social sages like Samuel Johnson and David Garek to their events.The emergence of Blue socks Girls marks the beginning of British women undefined dual roles as producers and consumers of emerging reading markets.In her letter to Ms.Literature，Ikeworth wrote： "the number of female writers engaged in literature has increased significantly in recent years than in the past few years，and they have become a class.Completely attracted the public attention，thus gaining their own honor and value.Stuart Curran，a British Romantic literature researcher，believes that the emergence of the "Blue socks female Writers" group shows that with the increasing wealth of society，The thinking about social etiquette and human values has extended to some women."
2.2 Frances Burney
Frances Burneyn （1752） was born into a wealthy family whose father was a music historian，along with cultural celebrities such as Garrick，Dr.Johnson，Edmund Burke，The painter Joshua Reynolds and some famous literati have very close contact，the family culture atmosphere is thick.She loved to keep diaries and create little stories from an early age，immersing herself in her literary writing world，publishing Evelina at the age of 26，and quickly becoming a very popular bestseller.It is described as one of the most successful works of women before Jane Austen.After its publication in 1778，the book became a sensation throughout London and was popular with female readers.It is made up of several letters that the protagonists have exchanged for more than eight months，most of which are written by Evelyn Na to the village priest，Mr.Vilas，describing little things and feelings that have taken place in life.This form of epistolary can make readers feel the real emotion of the protagonist directly，and it is more authentic and readable，and it has touched countless readers.With its rigorous structure and lively and interesting language，the book tactfully expresses the plight of women in patriarchal society.The heroine，Evelina，is a Cinderella figure.The aristocratic father refused to admit her，so she was orphaned by a country priest，Vilas，and raised in the countryside.At the age of 17，she went to London to visit her friends.Evelina，who was shy and timid in her first visit to metropolitan London，was often lost in large places and often made a fool of herself in public，even if she did not know the norms of social etiquette and，if she did not know the rules of social etiquette，was still a man of her duty.A good girl who holds her virginity to a typical woman will end up married to an aristocratic young man of both virtue and ability and lead a happy and happy life. 2.3 Mary Wolstoncrat
Mary Wastonklatt （1759—1797），born of an ordinary citizen family，was in good shape when she was a child，but her father became addicted to speculation and paid off all her possessions.As a result，the whole family gradually fell into financial difficulties，Wastoncroft undefined teenage years were spent in misery，so Mary took on the family responsibility，strong，independent work to support their own lives.She had been a governess for any given year and was determined to become a career woman when the economy became difficult.In fact，at that time，this choice was still very bold，and it required courage，because at that time women had a low social status，women were considered to be virtuous，and very few women were able to live on a full-time writing career.Supporting herself and her family in 1787，she said in a letter to her sister，Everera，that she wanted to be "the first woman to be a new woman." Soon after，she came to London and，with the help of Joseph Johnson，an enlightened bookseller，settled in a place and earned a steady income from writing.During this time she learned French and German and translated some famous works.Among them are Jacques Necker undefined the importance of religious views and Christian Zarzman undefined moral qualities.She has written some reviews and novels for Johnson undefined magazine Analytical Review.She has also written original stories about real life，opinions on her daughter undefined education，and novels，Mary，Maria，etc.The works which show his radical thoughts are "Feminist Defense"，"defending Human Rights"，and especially "Feminist Defense" are regarded as classics by feminists.
3 Progressive thought and influence of Women Writers in the 18th Century
In the 18th century，women undefined writers were in an era of low status of women，who，like other women，were subjected to gender discrimination，who were still financially bound，and who remained subordinate to their husbands in the family and marriage.Although women undefined access to education has improved，the right to education is also unequal compared to men，and these women writers feel that women are being treated unfairly and thus take advantage of the freedom and equality of enlightenment ideas.The concept of fraternity calls for women undefined economic independence and the advancement of family status and equality between men and women.These progressive ideas are embodied in the demand for economic independence，the pursuit of family status and freedom of marriage，the elimination of gender discrimination and the enjoyment of equal rights to education. 3.1 Demands for economic independence
Women in the 18th century were initially under patriarchal authority，and later by their husbands.Many movements were restricted.They had no right to deal with the money they earned.The husband thought she was supported and responsible to her，but once the woman left her husband，The husband may refuse to pay these debts.This means that，in the event of an unhappy marriage，a woman undefined life is miserable if she has no source of livelihood.There are many more single women who have lost their jobs and sources of life，and they have to accept the gifts of their brothers，but they all think that giving them is a burden and a burden.For example，Sarah Fielding for some time depended on receiving financial support from her brother Henry Fielding.In the late 18th century，women undefined writing was slowly accepted by society，and they were eager to achieve economic independence through their own hands.Many women have gone from amateur pastime to professional female writers.
It turns out that female writers quickly show amazing talent and thus gain the acceptance of male culture system and many novel readers.When we open the works of women novelists in the 18th century，we can see the struggle between emotion and reason，the torment of desire and responsibility，the independent choice between men and women，and the struggle between ethics and the pursuit of love.The British woman，from an uncertain and ambiguous influence to a candidate，a wage earner，a responsible citizen，has turned her life and her art into impersonalization.
3.2 The pursuit of family status and freedom of marriage
In the 1700s，social norms upheld the authority of men，women had lower status in the family，and husbands were the ones who had power over their wives.Many British marriages are based on customary law and are deeply influenced by religion.Although the church monopolized the right to marriage in the late 12th century，in fact，marriage was not legalized until the passing of the Hadwick Act in 1753.Many women get out of the family barrier and enter the society to work as secretaries，nurses，teachers，etc.，but their wages are low and they are excluded from the public sphere，so they are still at the bottom of social life.British women are less selective in marriage，and most follow their parents undefined orders.Many parents worry that their lack of experience，ignorance and willfulness prevent them from finding men with good financial standing.In the upper class，even parents can only accept or reject the decision，and rejection will mean no dowry.Economy，family system，social value，religious belief，culture and social status are important factors to measure marriage.Women are restricted in their contact with men.They are not allowed to live in the same room as strangers and cannot go out to prom.In the process of dealing with divorce，women are mostly subordinate to passive and constrained status. In the long patriarchal society，women were imprisoned in the family，they did not fight for the rights of the society，their resistance was only carried out within the family.Mary Wastoncroft had argued that women should not be forced to limit themselves to household chores，and that in Maria there was a strong focus on social issues，such as hospitals and poverty relief.The implementation of the poverty relief law and the status of women undefined property.She was more vocal in her challenge to traditional female morality and marriage laws，where Maria protested that "women are the property of men like horses and donkeys." She was also dissatisfied with Charlotte Smith undefined portrayal of teenage tenderness and fantasies，which could easily lead women readers astray.She is particularly critical of writers who focus on describing human sensory stimuli.
3.3 The fight for gender equality and the right to education
In the 18 th century，it was generally believed that excellent works of thought came from virtuous men.Male writing can contain intimate depictions of men and women，and if a woman also writes obscene content，it will be regarded as an evil woman.Women undefined works are usually related to family，love，and if the heroine is the embodiment of goodness and virtue，then one would think of the author himself as a model.Female writers are thought to have innate affinity for virtue and influence men with moral power.Quite a number of female writers，by describing the love adventures of the angelic heroine，create a social vacuum of personal existence to free themselves from the shackles and speak freely of fear and anger，passion and hope.Francis Bernie proclaims egalitarianism and radical individualism by borrowing characters from the book.In another of her works，Eleanor argues with men to express the revolutionary idea of equal rights.She said，"it was because I was baptized by revolutionary ideas that I thought of myself as a person with an independent personality，that I was also a social person with equal rights，and that I would no longer easily mislisten to other people undefined views or opinions.No longer subject to the prejudices of others，these are the beginning of human privilege.
Although many women have been educated，But there undefined still a big difference compared to men undefined right to education.In the 1782 novel Cecilia，Cecilia，Cecilia talks to Juliet，and she says，"Men oppress women through laws and institutions.Make women irrelevant，men dare not let women receive the same education rights，enjoy the same opportunities to stand out."in the 18th century，there was an upsurge in the study of women undefined education in British society，" he said.The commentary by Daniel Defoe，the rover magazine by Samuel Johnson in 1750，and the Tytler magazine by Richard Steele discuss women undefined right to education and what kind of education they should receive.How long should we be educated？ Mary Wastoncroft believes that men are superior because they are trained and trained，and that women undefined education focuses only on the cultivation of body beauty and neglects the training of intelligence，the most perfect education.Is the best planning，the most able to exercise the body and train the mind of the exercise. 3.4 The influence of female Writers
Women in the 18th century were not satisfied with the novel only limited to the family，including the world，emotional and moral happiness，the endless dramatic life of mankind will be presented to us in the 18th century English literature，the description of England is a new attempt.This paper discusses the urban life，the judicial system，the marriage custom，the status of women and the aspects of dress and daily life in England.It also shows some refraction of the people in real life.We can feel the emotional distortion of the people behind the novel during the primitive accumulation period，but also feel the inequality of class and the appeal of equality.When different levels of culture coexist and share together，the society gradually forms a new cultural integration，which makes this culture maintain a lasting vitality.So that people can look for the evolution of the female image of English literature from the mirror，so as to re-examine the development process of British women undefined culture from another angle.The fruitful writing practices of the 18th century British female writers not only laid the foundation for the maturity and prosperity of women undefined novels after the 19th century，but also served as several important forms in the field of novel creation in Europe and the United States，such as epistolary novels.The development of science fiction and Gothic novels has made an important contribution.Ann Radcliffe undefined Gothic novel，the Mystery of Udorf，is largely influenced by 18th-century Gothic novels.It also provided rich cultural soil for the literary creation activities of the Jane Austen Bronte sisters.In the humanities，it is because of some big and small realistic concern，or literature thought burst out，just urge people to carry on the valuable thinking ceaselessly.
The works of 18th century women writers can make us feel the distortion between "man" and property and consumption in the dual background of primitive accumulation and commercialism." The relationship between people acquires the nature of things，and thus obtains a kind of "phantom objectification".The publication of works such as "Evelina"，"Don Quixote"，"simple"，"feminism" and so on，are increasingly favored by female readers，female consumers，Women writers have stepped out of the stage of history.In the face of unreasonable order，women writers take up the weapons of equality，freedom，the right to personal dignity and the right to gender equality.The whirlwind of women writers in the 18th century not only affects people undefined thinking style and mental state，but also plays a role model for other women.Many documents have shown that feminism prevailed in the 18th century in England，and that their demands were relatively cautious，with no clear goals and directions，and without large-scale political marches or other campaigns for women undefined rights.But to some extent，their progress was enormous，and women played an irreplaceable role in womenundefineds rights in the 18th century，when most of the participants and organizers were women.Through the works of these women writers and other efforts，the living status and living conditions of women in the 18 th century have been improved to a certain extent. 4 conclusion
By the 18th century，after more than 100 years of political，economic，cultural development，emerging citizens，businessmen，business owners and other middle class，literature from comedy，fables，legends，satirical stories quickly emerged after absorbing nutrients，In the 18th century，two types of historical novels and creative novels advanced along parallel lines，away from fantasy mythology，and had more strict standards for narrative novels.After Aphra Bain in the 17 th century，many professional female writers appeared in English female writers.Heywood is one of the most famous female writers，and the female writers of Blue socks include Francis Sheridan，Sarah Fielding，Charlotte Smith，Charlotte Lennox，Then came the radical Francis Bernie and Mary Wastonklatt undefined Feminist Advocacy in 1792.These women writers actively strive for the right to political participation，pursue economic independence，voice the right to improve family status and marriage，and actively advocate gender equality between men and women.Believing that men and women should enjoy equal rights to education.The time in which Britain lived in the late eighteenth century was a progressive era，One male critic commented on a collection of poems written by women and said，"Iundefinedve never seen so many valuable reforms in such a short time." Never before have so many prejudices against themselves been abolished."the fruitful writing practices of 18th-century British women writers not only laid the foundation for the maturity and prosperity of women undefined novels after the 19th century，Through the works of these female writers and the advanced ideas expressed in their works，other women of the same time were influenced by equality，freedom and independence，and they also made positive changes to improve their own environment.In the humanities，it is because of the concern of reality，large and small，or literary thoughts，The whirlwind of women writers in the 18th century not only affects people undefined thinking style and mental state，but also plays a role model for other women.
Reference
[1]Bygrave and Stephen.Romantic Writings[M].London：New York：Routledge in association with the Open University，1996.
[2]Margaret Anne Doodym.“Introduction，”Charlotte Lennox，The Female Quixote，or The Adventures of Arabellat Arabella[M].Oxford： University Press，1989.
[3]Harnis.Popular Culture in England，c.1500—1850[M].London：1995.
[4]Sarah Prescott and David E.Shuttleton，ed.Women and Poetry，1660—1750[M].chapter，2003（12）.
[5]Karen O’Brien.“History and the Novel in Eighteenth Century Britain ”，Huntington Library Quarterly[J].Vol.68，No.1-2 （March 2005）.
[6]Marry Wollstongecraft.“Review of Charlotte Smith”s Novel Emmeline”，Analytical Review[J].No.1（July 1788）.
[7]Charles Fantazzi.The Education of a Christian women：A Sixteen Century Manual[M].Chicago&London：The University of Chicago Press，2000.ersity Press，2005，p.94.
作者簡介
李彬（1989—），女，汉族，北京人，在职研究生，单位：中国人民大学；研究方向：英语语言文学。