国家自然科学基金(以下简称科学基金)面向全国,是国家创新体系的重要组成部分,是国家支持自然科学基础研究和部分应用研究的主渠道之一。科学基金在激励创新研究、支持和培养创新人才、促进科技进步方面发挥了重要的引领作用,受到国家自然科学基金资助的规模和强度已成为衡量一个地区原始创新能力的重要指标之一。 National Natural Science Foundation of China (hereinafter referred to as the “Science Fund”) is an important component of a national innovation system that is open to the whole country and one of the main channels through which the state supports basic research in natural science and some applied research. The Science Fund has played an important leading role in stimulating innovation research, supporting and training innovative talents and promoting scientific and technological progress. The scale and intensity of funding supported by the National Natural Science Foundation have become one of the important indicators for measuring the original innovation ability of a region.