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抽穗期(headingdata,HD)和株高(plantheight,PH)是水稻(Oryza sativaL.)非常重要的农艺性状。本研究利用金23B(Jin23B)和青谷矮1号(QGA-1)构建的BC3F1群体及其衍生的BC3F2群体通过分子标记定位水稻抽穗期和株高的QTL(quantitativetraitlocus)。构建的遗传连锁图包含105对SSR标记和8对InDel标记,图谱较好地覆盖了水稻12条染色体。两年来共定位到了9个抽穗期相关QTLs,6个株高相关的QTLs,其中抽穗期和株高最大效应都来源于第7染色体。抽穗期QTLqHD7-3在2011年LOD为37.07,可以解释的表型贡献率为41.05%,加性效应为11.68;株高QTLqPH7-2在2011年LOD为43.73,可以解释的表型贡献率为54.17%,加性效应为21.60;2012年LOD为42.66,可以解释的表型贡献率为54.39%,加性效应为19.95。qHD7-3和qPH7-2位于同一区域RM214-RM5543之间,Ghd7也位于这一区间,该QTL可能是Ghd7的等位基因。抽穗期QTLqHD2定位于第2染色体上标记ZH282和RM71之间,在两年内都能检测到,其LOD值分别为4.56和4.99,可解释的表型贡献率分别为4.31%和7.99%。株高QTLqPH4定位于第4染色体上标记RM241和RM317之间,其两年内的LOD分别为2.89和2.67,解释的表型贡献率为9.42%和8.78%。抽穗期QTL qHD2和株高QTL qPH4所定位的区间没有相关的基因或QTL报道,这两个QTL可能含有控制抽穗期和株高的新基因。本研究通过遗传定位证明了株高和抽穗期是由主效QTL和微效QTL共同控制的,并发掘了新的抽穗期和株高的QTL,为育种家利用分子标记辅助选择培育新品种提供更多的选择。
Heading date (headingdata, HD) and plant height (PH) are very important agronomic traits in Oryza sativa L.. In this study, BC3F1 populations derived from Jin23B and QGA-1 and their BC3F2 populations were used to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) of rice heading date and plant height by molecular markers. The constructed genetic linkage map contained 105 pairs of SSR markers and 8 pairs of InDel markers, and the map covered 12 rice chromosomes well. Two QTLs related to heading date and six plant height-related QTLs were mapped in the past two years, of which the maximum effect on heading date and plant height was derived from chromosome 7. The QTL of QTLqHD7-3 at heading stage was 37.07 in 2011, with a phenotypic contribution rate of 41.05% and an additive effect of 11.68. QTLqPH7-2 had a LOD of 43.73 in 2011 with a phenotypic contribution rate of 54.17 %, The additive effect was 21.60, the LOD was 42.66 in 2012, the phenotypic contribution rate was 54.39%, and the additive effect was 19.95. qHD7-3 and qPH7-2 are located in the same region RM214-RM5543, and Ghd7 is also located in this interval. This QTL may be the allele of Ghd7. QTLqHD2 at heading stage was mapped on chromosome 2 between ZH282 and RM71 and detected within two years with LOD values of 4.56 and 4.99, respectively. The explained phenotypic contribution rates were 4.31% and 7.99%, respectively. Plant height QTLqPH4 was mapped on the chromosome 4 between markers RM241 and RM317, with LODs of 2.89 and 2.67 over two years respectively, accounting for 9.42% and 8.78% of phenotypic contributions. No relevant genes or QTLs were mapped in the QTL locating at heading stage QTL qHD2 and QTL QTL4. These two QTLs may contain new genes controlling heading date and plant height. In this study, genetic mapping proved that the plant height and heading date were controlled by the major and minor QTLs, and the QTLs for new heading date and plant height were explored, providing the breeders with the molecular marker-assisted selection to cultivate new varieties more choices.