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透过现象看本质、找规律,这是一切科学研究的目的和任务。如何指导学生从历史表象认识历史本质一直是历史教学的一个重点,也是一个难点,更是容易被教师忽视的一个教学问题。本文通过笔者教学上的一些教学实例,从剖析历史背景、剖析历史内容、剖析历史时代与阶级立场、阶级利益,从分析历史的偶然性和必然性关系和从历史图文材料六个方面论述认识历史本质问题的有效方法。文章从笔者对认识历史事件本质的在教学实践中几种有效方法,突出教师如何指导学生去思考、联想、探究,由此及彼,由表及里,发现历史的本质,进而明白历史发展的阶段特征,把握历史发展的客观规律,让学生学历史更有趣味、更有成功感。
It is the purpose and task of all scientific research to look at the essence and find the law through phenomena. How to guide students to understand the nature of history from the historical representation has always been a key and a difficult point in history teaching. It is also a teaching problem that is easily overlooked by teachers. This article uses some examples of teaching in the author’s teaching, from analyzing the historical background, analyzing historical content, analyzing the historical era and class stand, class interests, analyzing the contingency and inevitability relations of history, and discussing the historical essence from the six historical and graphic materials. The effective method of the problem. From the author’s understanding of the nature of historical events in the teaching practice of several effective methods, highlighting how teachers guide students to think, associate, and explore, and thus, from the table and in the discovery of the essence of history, and then understand the historical development of Stage characteristics, grasp the objective laws of historical development, let students learn history more interesting and more sense of success.