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目的:探讨暗娼人群与普通妇女在艾滋病(AIDS)相关知识、态度和行为特征上的差异,为今后开展有针对性的干预措施提供依据。方法:采用整群随机抽样方法于2011年9～12月间在上海闵行区招募暗娼和普通妇女各150名,通过问卷调查了解人口学特征、AIDS知晓情况、危险行为发生情况及AIDS相关卫生服务资源的利用情况,并进行比较分析。结果:暗娼组和普通妇女组的年龄、民族、婚姻状况分布无统计学差异,暗娼组受教育程度较低(P<0.01)。暗娼组对AIDS知识总知晓率及对艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者态度得分显著高于普通妇女组(P<0.01),在过去12个月中,暗娼组在提供性服务时坚持使用安全套比例为76.7%,而两组人群在固定性伴发生性行为时,坚持安全套率比例均较低(19.7%及14.0%)。暗娼组接触AIDS相关防治信息的比例高于普通妇女组(68.7%及30.0%,P<0.01),且来源广泛;暗娼组对AIDS自愿咨询检测的知晓和利用均显著高于普通妇女组(42.0%及15.3%,P<0.01;17.3%及0.6%,P<0.01)。结论:暗娼组AIDS知识相对较高,但高危性行为发生率亦较高,而普通妇女组AIDS知识相对不足,且危险性行为普通存在;两组人群对AIDS相关卫生服务利用均不充分,应根据不同人群的知识-态度-行为特征进行针对性的、不同侧重点的干预。
Objective: To explore the difference of HIV / AIDS related knowledge, attitude and behavior between female sex workers and ordinary women, and to provide the basis for carrying out targeted interventions in the future. Methods: A total of 150 CSW and 150 women were enrolled in a randomized cluster sampling study from September to December 2011 in Shanghai. Based on questionnaire survey, demographic characteristics, AIDS awareness, risk behaviors and AIDS related health services The utilization of resources, and comparative analysis. Results: There was no significant difference in the distribution of age, ethnicity and marital status between CSW and common women group, and CSW group had lower education level (P <0.01). The total awareness rate of HIV / AIDS and the attitude toward HIV infection among CSWs were significantly higher than that of the average women (P <0.01). In the past 12 months, the CSWs consistently insisted on using condoms in sexual services 76.7%. However, in the two groups of people, the percentage of condom patients insisting on sexual intercourse was low (19.7% and 14.0%). The ratio of HIV / AIDS-related AIDS prevention and treatment among sex vulva patients was higher than that of general women (68.7% vs 30.0%, P <0.01) % And 15.3% respectively, P <0.01; 17.3% and 0.6%, P <0.01). Conclusion: HIV / AIDS patients in sex workers have a relatively higher level of AIDS knowledge, but also have a higher prevalence of high-risk sexual behaviors. However, the general knowledge of HIV / AIDS patients is relatively inadequate and their risk behaviors are common. Both groups have inadequate access to AIDS-related health services. According to different groups of knowledge-attitude-behavior characteristics of targeted, different focus of intervention.