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用X射线光电子能谱研究了硼原子对Ni_3Al的Ni2p_(3/2)结合能的作用及其晶界偏聚规律,结果表明,纯Ni_3Al的Ni2p_(3/2)结合能按下列顺序增加:Ni0时,材料呈脆性;当△E_B≤0时,则材料呈延性.结合上述实验规律该判据预测:纯Ni_3Al是脆性的,并且硼韧化Ni_3Al时存在化学计量效应和浓度效应.由此可为开发延性金属间化合物提供一个合金设计原则.
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to study the effect of boron atom on the Ni2p 3/2 bonding energy of Ni3Al3 and its grain boundary segregation behavior. The results show that the Ni2p3 / 2 bonding energy of pure Ni3Al increases in the following order: Ni2 +, Ni2 +, Ni2 +, Ni2 +, Ni2 +, Ni2 +, Ni2 +, Ni2 +, Ni2 +, Ni2 + and Ni2 + The segregation behavior of the boron in the grain boundaries with the equilibrium and non-equilibrium properties is superposed. According to the heterogeneity of the bonding environment of the constituent atoms (the difference of 2p_ (3/2) binding energy between Ni_3Al alloy and pure nickel solid (△ E_B)) is the origin of Ni_3Al brittleness. The criterion of Ni_3Al brittleness and toughness is as follows: when △ E_B> 0, the material is brittle; when △ E_B≤0, the material is ductile. The experimental rule above predicts that the pure Ni3Al is brittle and the stoichiometric and concentration effects exist when boron toughening Ni3Al, thus providing an alloy design principle for the development of ductile intermetallics.