实体首次在话语中出现且没有识别线索,这是大部分不定指成分出现的典型语境。大部分不定指成分都在这种语境中出现,但不定指成分也在一些特殊语境中出现。本文详细描写了这些语境条件以及在这些语境中出现的不定指成分的语用功能。本文认为,尽管不定指成分出现的语境多种多样,但它指称受话人不可识别的实体的语用功能都没有变化。 For the first time, the entity appears in discourse and has no clue, which is the typical context in which most of the indefinite components appear. Most of the indefinite constituents appear in this context, but indefinite constituents also appear in some special contexts. This article describes in detail the pragmatic functions of these contextual conditions and of the indefinite constituents appearing in these contexts. This paper argues that despite the variety of contexts in which indefinite fingernails appear, it alleges that the pragmatic functions of entities not recognized by the callee have not changed.