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国际贸易表面上呈现的是产品与服务的跨国交易,但其背后隐含着资本、劳动力等生产要素的跨国流动。全球价值链不但改变了贸易利益分配格局和机制,也改变了要素含量的来源与构成。本文以增加值贸易为研究视角,利用世界投入产出数据库中的国际投入产出表,准确核算中国进出口贸易增加值,分析增加值贸易特点,并对中国增加值贸易中的要素含量进行测算与分解,研究不同行业部门的增加值贸易对中国就业的拉动效应,以对中国未来贸易结构、就业结构的调整和相关政策的制定提供建议。
On the surface of international trade is the transnational trade of products and services, but behind it is the transnational flow of capital, labor and other factors of production. Global value chain has not only changed the distribution pattern and mechanism of trade interests, but also changed the source and composition of the elemental content. In this paper, the value-added trade as a research perspective, the use of the world input-output database of international input-output tables, accurate accounting of China’s import and export trade value added, analysis of value-added trade characteristics, and China’s value-added trade in the calculation of the elements And explores the stimulating effect of the added value trade in different sectors on China’s employment so as to provide suggestions on the future restructuring of China’s trade and employment structure and the formulation of relevant policies.