近年来,一种基岩表面石臼状微地貌(天然石臼)引起了学术界的关注,由此中国东部第四纪冰川问题再度掀起争论。关于天然石臼成因大体有:壶穴说、冰臼说、风蚀穴说、风化坑说,等等。显然,在不同情况下,其成因可能是不同的。笔者对青岛崂山考察发现,这里的晶洞花岗岩本来原生洞穴(晶洞或气泡洞)非常发育,它们对天然石臼的形成存在重要影响。不但几厘米的晶洞可以经过风化作用拓展成相当大的石臼,甚至一些较大的晶洞(气泡洞)与石臼在形态、尺度和分布上比较接近。因此推断,崂山的天然石臼是岩石原生洞穴沿节理和裂隙崩塌破坏后,暴露出来经风化作用改造而成,甚至有的石臼基本是晶洞破坏后的直接产物,而非所谓的“冰臼”。 In recent years, a kind of bedrock surface microlithography (natural stone mortar) has aroused the academic concern, which once again set off controversy in Quaternary glaciers in eastern China. On the causes of natural stone mortar generally have: pot hole, said, said mortar, wind erosion point, weathered pit said, and so on. Obviously, in different circumstances, the causes may be different. The author of the Laoshan survey in Qingdao found that the original geode caves (crystal caves or bubble holes) of the Jingdong granite here are very developed and they have an important influence on the formation of natural mortar. Not only a few centimeters of crystal cave can be expanded to a considerable stone mortar weathering, and even some of the larger crystal cave (bubble hole) and mortar in form, size and distribution are closer. Therefore, it is inferred that the natural rock mortar in Laoshan Mountain is the result of the weathering effect of the original rock caverns along the joints and cracks collapsed and destroyed, and even some mortar is basically the direct product after the caverns are destroyed, rather than the so-called “ ”.