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探讨贫困山区乡镇企业发展出路问题,有必要将它与发达地区的乡镇企业作一番比较。 (1)所有制形式的比较。发达地区乡镇企业以乡、村两级集体所有制形式为主,以户办、联户办企业的个体所有制形式为辅。这是建立在乡村两级集体企业有了较大发展,在乡镇经济结构中占了绝对优势的地位的基础上的。贫困山区是在一个生产力层次较低的背景下去发展乡镇企业的,其基础薄弱,必须完成一系列“补课”任务,因而应以户办联户办企业为主,即建立以个体经济为主或个体经济占有很大比重的所有制结构。 (2)产业结构的比较。发达地区大多是以乡镇工业为主,乡镇工业中以非农副产品为主的产业结构形式。因为其人的素质较高,有较强的商品经济观念,有突破就地取材、就地生产、就
To explore the way out for the development of township enterprises in poor mountain areas, it is necessary to compare them with the township enterprises in developed areas. (1) a comparison of the forms of ownership. Township and village enterprises in developed areas are dominated by the form of collective ownership at the township and village levels, supplemented by the form of individual ownership by households and joint-stock enterprises. This is based on the great development of the collective enterprises at the village and village levels and the absolute predominance of the township economic structure. In order to develop township and village enterprises under the background of a low level of productivity, poverty-stricken mountainous areas have a weak foundation and must complete a series of tasks such as “making-up”. Therefore, they should mainly do household-to-household joint-stock enterprises, that is, Ownership of the main or individual economy occupies a large proportion of the ownership structure. (2) Comparison of industrial structure. Most of the developed regions are mainly industrial townships and towns, and non-agricultural and by-products in the township and village industries are the major industrial structures. Because of their high quality, there is a strong concept of commodity economy, a breakthrough in the local materials, production in place