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19世纪80年代至20世纪初,在叔本华和尼采哲学的影响下,俄罗斯文学中开始出现存在主义文学思维。伟大的俄罗斯现实主义作家列夫·托尔斯泰在其晚年的创作中显露出与以往作品不同的消极情绪,以及一些对存在主义核心问题的思考。《安娜·卡列宁娜》付梓于《伊万·伊里奇之死》之前,虽未像后者较明确地表现其存在主义情境,却在自由追求、意义丧失、死亡情境等多个方面表现出存在主义倾向。本文将从存在主义视角出发,分析安娜·卡列宁娜和列文的心理发展过程,探讨小说中的存在主义倾向。
From the 1980s to the early 1900s, under the influence of Schopenhauer and Nietzschean philosophy, existentialist literary thinking began to emerge in Russian literature. The great Russian realist writer Leo Tolstoy, in his later years, revealed negative emotions that differed from his predecessors, as well as some reflections on the core of existentialism. Although Anna Karenina’s descended on the death of Ivan Ilych before the death does not express her existential situation more clearly than the latter, she shows her in various aspects such as free pursuit, loss of meaning and death situation Existentialist tendency. This article will analyze the psychological development process of Anna Karenina and Levin from the existential perspective and explore the existential tendencies in the novel.