《科学课程标准(3—6年级)》明确指出:小学科学学科是以培养学生科学素养为宗旨的科学启蒙课程。其主要理念为:科学课程要面向全体学生、学生是科学学习的主体、科学学习要以探究为核心、科学课程的内容要满足社会和学生双方面的需要、科学课程应具有开放性……。随着课程目标的转变,课堂教学的方法和形 “Science Curriculum Standard (grades 3-6)” clearly states: Primary science is based on the cultivation of students’ scientific literacy for science enlightenment. Its main idea is as follows: The science curriculum should be for all the students, the students are the main body of science learning, the science learning should be based on inquiry, the content of science curriculum should meet the needs of both society and students, and the science curriculum should be open. With the change of course goal, the method and shape of classroom teaching