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为了研究不同结构和材料弹芯的侵彻能力,采用80%体积分数的钨丝/锆基非晶复合材料(钨丝直径0.3 mm)弹芯,在1450~2100 m/s速度范围内,对不同结构方案的弹芯垂直侵彻均质靶板进行了实验研究。结果表明:(1)材料的性能和结构都可以影响弹丸的侵彻效率,突破了传统认识,为复合材料杆式穿甲弹设计提供了重要依据;(2)弹芯结构不同,其侵彻深度-着靶速度变化曲线也不同,对于两段和三段结构弹芯其侵彻曲线变化是凸的,其侵彻深度峰值分别出现在着靶速度1750~1800 m/s和1850 m/s附近,最大侵彻穿深均为x=1.7L;对于未分段弹芯,其侵彻深度-速度变化曲线呈渐近线变化,在速度大于1850 m/s时接近于流体动力学极限穿甲深度L·(ρ/2p/ρt)~(1/2),约为1.5L;(3)结合单向纤维复合材料的动态破坏特点、动态裂纹传播和弹芯高速撞击的侵蚀速度特性,给出了最优分段概念,分析了(2)中发现的问题的原因,为分段弹芯结构设计提供了参考。
In order to study the penetrability of different structures and materials of the core, the tungsten core / zirconium based amorphous composite (tungsten wire diameter 0.3 mm) with 80% volume fraction was used in the speed range of 1450 ~ 2100 m / s, Experimental results show that the cores of different structural schemes vertically penetrate the homogeneous target plate. The results show that: (1) Both the performance and the structure of the material can affect the penetration efficiency of the projectile, break through the traditional understanding and provide an important basis for the design of composite material armor piercing projectile. (2) The change curve of target velocity is also different. For the two-stage and three-stage structures, the penetration curve changes convexly, and the peak penetration depth appears at the target velocity of 1750-1800 m / s and 1850 m / s respectively, The maximum penetration depth is x = 1.7L. For the non-segmented core, the penetration depth-velocity curve changes asymptotically and approaches the hydrodynamic penetration limit at velocities greater than 1850 m / s (Ρ / 2p / ρt) ~ (1/2), about 1.5L; (3) The dynamic failure characteristics of unidirectional fiber composites, the propagation of dynamic cracks and the erosion velocity characteristics of high velocity impact The concept of the optimal segment is analyzed, the reason of the problem found in (2) is analyzed, which provides a reference for the design of the segment core.