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吕师孟是宋元之际吕氏家族军事、政治集团的重要人物之一,他参与了宋末与元朝的谈判以及向元朝递送降表等活动,在南宋末年的政治舞台比较活跃。尽管吕师孟受到文天祥的误解,但史料证明,他并没有投降元朝,反而在与元朝谈判的过程中表现出忠于南宋的臣节,受到此后社会舆论的肯定。进入元朝,吕师孟隐居吴下,过着悠闲富裕的隐士生活。吕师孟去世以后,其子孙的仕宦比较成功,在吕氏其他家族纷纷衰落的情况下,其社会地位比较稳定。在明清学者的语境里,吕师孟成为忠义之士,其故居寿乐堂也保留下来,清朝同治年间还存在,成为当地百姓和士人参观凭吊的古迹。吕师孟家族在元朝的成功,与吕师孟保持臣节、拒绝投降元朝的人生经历有关。元代吕师孟及其家族的发展,为我们认识元朝统治下江南社会的发展特点,提供了一个很好的视角。
Lu Shimeng was one of the most important figures in the military and political group of the Lu Family in the Song and Yuan Dynasties. He participated in the negotiations between the Song Dynasty and the Yuan Dynasty and the delivery of descent to the Yuan Dynasty. The political stage in the late Southern Song Dynasty was relatively active. Although Lu Shimeng was misunderstood by Wen Tianxiang, historical data proved that he did not surrender to the Yuan Dynasty. Instead, he showed loyalty to the Southern Song Dynasty during the negotiations with the Yuan Dynasty and was affirmed by the public opinion since then. Into the Yuan Dynasty, Lu Shimeng seclusion Wu, living a leisurely wealthy hermit life. After Lu Shimeng’s death, the official career of his descendants was relatively successful. Under the circumstance that other Lukas families had declined, their social status was relatively stable. In the context of scholars of Ming and Qing dynasties, Lu Shimeng became a loyal and righteous person. His residence, Longevity Church, also survived. During the Qing Dynasty, Tongzhi period still existed and became a monumental site for local people and scholars to visit. The success of Lu Shimeng clan in the Yuan Dynasty was related to the fact that Lu Shimeng kept his festivals and refused to surrender the Yuan Dynasty’s life experiences. The development of Lu Shimeng and his family in the Yuan Dynasty provided a good perspective for us to recognize the development characteristics of Jiangnan society under the rule of the Yuan Dynasty.