关于国有企业，世界各国不论是发达国家还是中国家都是普遍存在。尽管各国国有企业比例不一，各国创办国有企业的初衷不一，不同国家的国有企业在不同经济发展时期的作用和地位不一，但国有企业在国民经济中的职能却带有普遍意义。依据世界银行的一份研究报告中使用的定义：“ As for state-owned enterprises, all countries in the world are ubiquitous whether they are developed countries or Chinese ones. Although the proportions of state-owned enterprises vary from one country to another, the original intention of various countries in setting up state-owned enterprises varies, and the roles and status of state-owned enterprises in different countries during different economic development periods are different. However, the functions of state-owned enterprises in the national economy are of universal significance. According to the definition used in a World Bank study: "