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目的了解不同使用时间的饮水机对桶装饮用水水质的影响,为饮用水的卫生管理和生产工艺改进提供依据。方法于2005年4—5月,选择兰州市某一品牌的桶装纯净水及其配套饮水机作为水样来源。饮水机使用时间分别为1周、2、5、10、12、36、60个月,在此期间,饮水机未被清洗过。分别采集装桶前桶装水水样和装桶后经过不同使用时间的饮水机常温出水口水样,检测细菌总数、大肠菌群和亚硝酸盐含量。按照《生活饮用水卫生规范》(2001)进行评价。结果装桶前,水样中的细菌总数、亚硝酸盐含量均未超标,大肠菌群存在超标情况;经过不同使用时间的饮水机水样中细菌总数、大肠菌群、亚硝酸盐含量间比较,经方差分析,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。装桶后,水样中细菌总数超标24件,超标率为57.14%;亚硝酸盐含量超标30件,超标率为71.43%;大肠菌群均超标;经过不同使用时间的饮水机水样中细菌总数、大肠菌群、亚硝酸盐含量间比较,经方差分析,差异均有统计学意义(细菌总数:F=1387.25,P<0.01;大肠菌群:F=522.34,P<0.01;F=725.64,P<0.01)。饮水机水样中细菌总数、大肠菌群、亚硝酸盐含量分别从使用5、12、5个月开始,呈上升趋势。结论本次调查的桶装水样存在一定的污染,为保证桶装水的卫生、安全,应重视饮水机和桶装水的定期消毒和清洗。
Objective To understand the influence of drinking fountains on the quality of barreled drinking water in different usage periods, and provide the basis for sanitary management of drinking water and improvement of production technology. Methods In April-May 2005, a brand of bottled pure water and its accessory drinking fountains in Lanzhou was selected as the water sample source. Drinking fountains were used for 1 week, 2, 5, 10, 12, 36, 60 months, during which time the water dispenser was not cleaned. The samples of water in front of bottled barrel and the water outlet of normal temperature in drinking fountains after different time of loading were collected respectively to detect the total number of bacteria, coliform bacteria and nitrite. According to “drinking water health norms” (2001) for evaluation. Results Before loading barrels, the total number of bacteria and nitrite in water sample did not exceed the standard, and the coliform bacteria were out of standard. After comparing the total number of bacteria, coliform bacteria and nitrite in water samples of drinking fountains with different using time, There was no significant difference (P> 0.05) by variance analysis. After loading the barrel, the total number of bacteria in the water samples exceeded the standard of 24, with the exceeding standard rate of 57.14%; the nitrite content exceeded the standard of 30, the exceeding standard rate was 71.43%; the coliform bacteria exceeded the standards; (Total number of bacteria: F = 1387.25, P <0.01; coliform group: F = 522.34, P <0.01; F = 725.64 , P <0.01). Drinking water samples in the total number of bacteria, coliform bacteria, nitrite levels from the use of 5,12,5 months, an upward trend. Conclusion The bottled water samples in this investigation have some pollution. To ensure the hygiene and safety of bottled water, regular attention should be paid to the regular disinfection and cleaning of water dispensers and bottled water.