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世界许多地区轻型柴油车的销售有明显增长的趋势,部分原因是全球对温室效应关切的驱动。这种趋势对全球环境将产生许多积极的影响,其中包括降低燃油耗,从而降低CO_2排放量、CO和HC排放量(特别是在冷起动条件时)以及大大降低碳氢化合物的挥发。然而,由于较高的NO_x和颗粒排放,柴油机销售增长具有下降的趋势。这些污染物继续受到世界大多数地区的高度关注。因此,世界各国的柴油机排放法规越来越严格,推动了降低排放的技术不断发展。发动机和燃烧的改进明显降低了现代发动机的NO_x和颗粒排放。然而有人提出这样的问题,关于颗粒排放量究竟是真正降低了,还是仅仅改变到一个较小的尺寸范围内。本文将对降低柴油机NO_x和颗粒排放的规范状况加以评论和总结。
Sales of light-duty diesel vehicles in many parts of the world have shown a clear upward trend, driven in part by the global drive for greenhouse-related concerns. This trend will have many positive effects on the global environment, including reducing fuel consumption, thereby reducing CO 2 emissions, CO and HC emissions (especially at cold start conditions) and drastically reducing the volatility of hydrocarbons. However, diesel engine sales growth has been declining due to higher NO x and particulate emissions. These pollutants continue to attract the most attention in most parts of the world. Therefore, the regulations of diesel emission in various countries in the world are becoming more and more stringent, which promotes the continuous development of emission reduction technologies. Engine and combustion improvements significantly reduce NO x and particulate emissions from modern engines. However, some people raised the question as to whether the particle emission actually decreased or just changed to a smaller size range. This paper reviews and summarizes the normative status of reducing NO x and particulate emissions from diesel engines.