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谷蛋白亚基组成对小麦加工品质具有重要作用。以豫麦34、藁城8901和中优9507为优质亲本,以轮选987、石4185和周麦16为农艺回交亲本, 采用5+10亚基和1B/1R易位分子标记结合田间农艺性状选择, 育成4个BC2F4群体共 125个高代品系。2008—2009 年度, 将这些高代品系分别种植于北京和河南安阳, 分析了 5+10 亚基和 1B/1R易位对蛋白质含量、和面时间和峰值曲线面积等品质参数的影响。4个群体中蛋白质含量与和面时间、峰值曲线面积等参数变幅较大, 后代品系间品质差异明显, 5+10亚基可显著增加和面时间和峰值曲线面积,1B/1R易位对和面时间和峰值曲线面积的作用则受遗传背景的影响。和面时间和峰值曲线面积等主要品质参数还受亚基表达量的影响, 和面时间和峰值曲线面积与低分子量谷蛋白亚基含量呈显著正相关(r=0.38～0.74, P<0.05), 导入5+10亚基可显著增加高分子量和低分子量谷蛋白亚基含量; Glu-B3位点等位基因的变化对高分子量谷蛋白亚基含量的影响不显著, 对低分子量谷蛋白亚基含量的影响则因组合而异。通过有限回交, 育种早代在室内采用5+10优质亚基和1B/1R易位分子标记辅助选择, 结合田间农艺性状选择, 可以加速培育优质新品种。
The composition of glutenin subunits plays an important role in the processing quality of wheat. Yumai 34, Tancheng 8901 and Zhongyou 9507 were selected as the quality parents, and the elite parents of 987, 4185 and Zhoumai 16 were selected as the elite parents. The 5 + 10 subunit and 1B / 1R translocation markers were used in combination with field agronomic techniques Traits selection, bred 4 BC2F4 groups a total of 125 high generations of lines. In 2008-2009, these high-yielding lines were planted in Beijing and Anyang, Henan respectively. The effects of 5 + 10 subunit and 1B / 1R translocation on quality parameters such as protein content, surface time and peak curve area were analyzed. The protein content, surface time, peak curve area and other parameters of 4 populations varied greatly, and the quality of the progenies was significantly different. The 5 + 10 subunit could significantly increase the area time and peak curve area, 1B / 1R translocation pair The effects of surface time and peak curve area are influenced by the genetic background. The main quality parameters such as surface time and peak curve area were also affected by the expression of subunits. There was a significant positive correlation between surface time and peak curve area and the content of low molecular weight glutenin subunits (r = 0.38-0.74, P <0.05) , The introduction of 5 + 10 subunit can significantly increase the high molecular weight and low molecular weight glutenin subunit content; Glu-B3 allele changes on the content of high molecular weight glutenin subunit content was not significant, low molecular weight glutenin The effect of radical content varies by combination. Through limited backcrossing, 5 + 10 high quality subunit and 1B / 1R translocation marker assisted selection in early breeding of early breeding, combined with the selection of field agronomic traits, we can speed up the cultivation of new high quality varieties.