野战外科学是医学范畴内研究战伤病理学和伤员的病理生理变化的一个学科。研究创伤和机体对创伤过程的反应,就使我们能够在野战条件下对伤员施行外科治疗,就使我们能够在集团军地区和方面军地区应用现代的科学成果进一步施行优良的治疗。早在远古的时候,无疑就已经在战争中对伤员施行了外科治疗,並且外科学基本上全部是根据战时救治伤员的经验进一步发展起来的。外科军医最注意的问题,首先是治疗伤口和止血。枪砲在战争中的使用(十五世纪末,十六世纪初),大大地推动了野战外科学向前发展,而外科军医 Field surgery is a discipline within the field of medicine that studies the pathophysiology of wounded injuries and pathophysiological changes. Studying the trauma and the reaction of the body to the traumatic process enabled us to perform surgical treatment of the wounded under field conditions and enabled us to apply good modern scientific results to the Army and Agrarian military areas for further good treatment. As early as ancient times, there was no doubt that the wounded had been surgically treated during the war, and that surgery was basically entirely based on the experience of wounded in the wartime. The most noticeable problem for surgical military doctors is the treatment of wounds and hemostasis. The use of guns during the war (late fifteenth and early sixteenth century) greatly advanced the advancement of field surgery, while the surgeons