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目的:研究谷胱苷肽S转移酶M1(GSTM1)、谷胱苷肽S转移酶T1(GSTT1)基因多态性与喉及下咽癌易感性的关系。方法:采用多重PCR技术,对76例喉、下咽癌患者(患者组)和与之匹配的76例对照组进行GSTM1、GSTT1基因型检测。结果:患者组与对照组GSTM1基因缺失频率分别为59.2%和42.1%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),GSTM1基因缺失与喉、下咽癌易感性有关(OR=1.935,95%CI=1.069～3.510);GSTT1基因缺失频率分别为57.9%和51.3%,差异无统计学意义。联合分析未发现两种基因在喉、下咽癌发生中具有协同作用。GSTM1基因缺失同时暴露于吸烟者患喉、下咽癌的风险性显著增加(OR=5.545,95%CI=2.158～13.528)。结论:GSTM1基因缺失可能增加个体患喉、下咽癌的易感性,且与吸烟在喉、下咽癌的发生中具有协同作用。GSTT1基因型可能与本市区喉、下咽癌发生无关。
Objective: To investigate the relationship between the polymorphisms of glutathione S transferase M1 (GSTM1) and glutathione S transferase T1 (GSTT1) and the susceptibility to laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: The genotypes of GSTM1 and GSTT1 were detected in 76 patients with laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma (patient group) and 76 matched controls using multiplex PCR technique. Results: The frequency of GSTM1 gene deletion in patients and controls was 59.2% and 42.1%, respectively, with significant difference (P <0.01). The loss of GSTM1 gene was associated with the susceptibility to laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma (OR = 1.935, 95% CI = 1.069 ~ 3.510). The frequency of GSTT1 gene deletion was 57.9% and 51.3% respectively, with no significant difference. Joint analysis found no synergism between the two genes in the occurrence of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas. Risk of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer was significantly increased in patients with GSTM1 gene deletion at the same time (OR = 5.545, 95% CI = 2.158 ~ 13.528). Conclusion: The deletion of GSTM1 gene may increase the individual susceptibility to laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer and has a synergistic effect with smoking in the occurrence of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer. GSTT1 genotype may be associated with the occurrence of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer in the city.