1883年岁末，入侵越南的法国军队在占领越南南桥和中桥广大地区后，大举进攻越南北桥．12月中旬，法军从盘踞的河内向西北沿红河上溯，攻击以黑旗军为主体、清军（包括佳军和滇军两部分）及越军联合守备的山西省城，进适中国的云南边境．这一仗，史学界大多种之为中法战争的开 At the end of 1883, the French troops who invaded Vietnam vigorously attacked Vietnam’s North Bridge after occupying vast areas of South Vietnam and Central Bridge. In mid-December, from the entrenched Hanoi to the northwest along the Red River, the French attacked the Shanxi Province, where the Black Flag was the main body, the Qing Army (including both the Jiajun and Yunnan forces) and the Vietnam Army jointly guarded, Yunnan border. This battle, most of the history of scholarship for the Sino-French war opened