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生态水文学(Ecohydrology)是近10年来发展起来的一门新兴边缘学科,主要从流域尺度上研究水文与生态之间的相互关系,探索实现流域生态平衡与水资源可持续利用的新途径。在我国,近年来生态水文学已经引起学术界的高度重视,但研究工作尚处于起步阶段。国际上,虽然美国、欧洲、加拿大等已经开展了比较多的研究,但对于生态水文学的定义等基本问题尚存在不同的看法。在简述生态水文学发展概况的基础上,对生态水文学及有关基本概念进行分析和讨论,包括生态水文学的定义、生态系统途径、生境质量及其要素、影响生态整体性的环境因素、分析方法以及河流生态学概念等,以深化对生态水文学的认识。
Ecohydrology is an emerging edge discipline developed in recent 10 years. It studies the relationship between hydrology and ecology mainly from the basin scale and explores new ways to achieve ecological balance and sustainable use of water resources. In our country, in recent years, ecohydrology has aroused great attention of academics, but the research work is still in its infancy. Internationally, although more researches have been carried out in the United States, Europe and Canada, there are still different views on the basic issues such as the definition of ecohydrology. On the basis of a brief overview of the development of ecohydrology, this paper analyzes and discusses the basic concepts of ecohydrology, including the definition of ecohydrology, ecosystem approach, habitat quality and its elements, environmental factors that affect the integrity of the ecosystem, Analysis methods and the concept of river ecology to deepen the understanding of eco-hydrology.